1. What is the difference between Abscission and Senescence?
The primary distinction between abscission and senescence is that the former refers to the detachment of a plant portion or organ from the plant body, whilst the latter refers to the degeneration of plant organs caused by ageing. Senescence, which is defined as "the process of ageing," is the opposite of abscission, which is a regulated process.
2. Name the plant hormones that control Abscission?
When large amounts of the phytohormone Auxin get to the AZ cells, abscission is not triggered. Although abscisic acid was formerly thought to be the hormone that causes abscission (for which the hormone was called), it has now been established that it does not have a major function. Additionally, ethylene plays a significant role in controlling abscission signalling. In reaction to indoleacetic acid (IAA), leaf abscission is delayed, whereas in response to gibberellic acid, abscission often accelerates (GA).
3. What is mixed Aphasia?
Repetition is the main linguistic capacity present in mixed transcortical aphasia, a kind of aphasia. It is a rare form of aphasia. Isolation aphasia is another name for mixed transcortical aphasia.
4. What is the root word for biology?
The term bio's Greek source means "life." Examples of terms from this root word that are often used in the English lexicon include biological, biography, and amphibian. Biology, the study of "life," is a simple term that might be useful in recalling the definition of "bio."
5. What is biology's one-word answer?
A study of life is called biology. The Greek words "bios" and "logos," which both mean "life," are the origin of the word "biology."
6. What's the significance of "abscission hormones" in plant biology?
"Abscission hormones" are plant hormones that regulate the process of shedding plant parts. The "abs-" in abscission emphasizes the separation or moving away of these parts from the plant body.
7. What does "abscisic acid" do in plants, and how does its name reflect its function?
Abscisic acid is a plant hormone that promotes seed dormancy and helps plants respond to environmental stresses. Its name comes from its role in abscission (shedding of plant parts), reflecting the "away" or "separation" meaning of "abs-".
8. What's the connection between "abscisic acid" and drought stress in plants?
Abscisic acid helps plants respond to drought stress by promoting stomatal closure and water conservation. Its name, using the "abs-" prefix, originally came from its role in abscission, though it's now known to have broader functions.
9. How is "abscess" formation related to the "abs" root meaning?
An "abscess" is a localized collection of pus separated from surrounding tissue. The "abs-" prefix reflects this separation or moving away of the infected material from healthy tissue.
10. How does "abiotic" relate to the "ab/abs" root meaning?
While "abiotic" doesn't directly use "ab/abs" as a prefix, it embodies the concept of "away from" or "separate from" life. Abiotic factors are non-living components of an ecosystem, separate from biotic (living) factors.
11. How does "abscission layer" in plants demonstrate the "abs" root meaning?
The "abscission layer" is a specialized layer of cells that forms at the base of leaves, fruits, or flowers, facilitating their separation from the plant. The "abs-" in abscission emphasizes this separation or moving away.
12. What's the significance of "abscission scars" in plant morphology?
"Abscission scars" are marks left on stems where leaves, fruits, or flowers have fallen off. The term uses "abs-" to indicate the separation or moving away of plant parts that occurred at these points.
13. What does "abscission zone" mean in fruit development?
The "abscission zone" is a specialized area where a fruit separates from the plant when ripe. The "abs-" prefix highlights the separation or moving away of the fruit from the parent plant.
14. How does "abscission" differ from "senescence" in plant biology?
While both involve plant parts dying, "abscission" specifically refers to the process of shedding, emphasizing separation (abs- meaning "away"), while "senescence" refers to the aging process leading to death, without necessarily implying physical separation.
15. How does "abortive transcription" in molecular biology demonstrate the "ab" root meaning?
"Abortive transcription" occurs when RNA polymerase initiates transcription but terminates prematurely. The "ab-" prefix suggests a moving away from or failure to complete the normal transcription process.
16. How is "abaxial" different from "adaxial" in leaf anatomy?
"Abaxial" refers to the lower surface of a leaf (away from the stem), while "adaxial" refers to the upper surface (towards the stem). The "ab-" in abaxial emphasizes its position away from the plant's axis.
17. What does "abaxial" mean in plant anatomy?
"Abaxial" refers to the side of a plant organ facing away from the axis or stem. The "ab-" prefix here directly relates to the "away from" meaning, describing the surface furthest from the plant's central axis.
18. What does "abaxially" mean when describing the position of plant structures?
"Abaxially" means positioned on the side facing away from the axis of an organ or organism. The "ab-" prefix directly relates to the "away from" meaning in describing this spatial relationship.
19. What does "abaxial conduction" mean in plant physiology?
"Abaxial conduction" refers to the movement of substances along the lower (abaxial) surface of a leaf. The "ab-" prefix emphasizes that this occurs on the side away from the stem.
20. What does "abaxial stomata" mean in leaf anatomy?
"Abaxial stomata" are stomata (pores for gas exchange) located on the lower surface of a leaf. The "ab-" in abaxial emphasizes that this surface is away from or opposite to the stem.
21. How does understanding the root "ab/abs" help in learning biological terms?
Understanding this root helps in decoding many biological terms. When you encounter a word with "ab" or "abs" at the beginning, you can infer that it likely involves something moving away or being separated from something else, which can aid in comprehending new vocabulary.
22. What does the root word "ab" or "abs" mean in biology terms?
The root words "ab" or "abs" in biology mean "away" or "from." These prefixes are often used to describe processes or structures that involve movement away from something or separation.
23. How does "absorption" relate to the "ab/abs" root meaning?
In "absorption," substances are taken "away from" their original environment and into another medium. For example, nutrients are absorbed from the intestines into the bloodstream, moving away from the gut lumen.
24. How is "abstinence" related to the "ab/abs" root in biological contexts?
In biology, "abstinence" often refers to refraining from certain behaviors, particularly in the context of reproduction or substance use. The "abs-" prefix suggests moving away from or separating oneself from these activities.
25. What's the significance of "aboral" in describing animal anatomy?
"Aboral" means away from or opposite to the mouth. In animals like sea stars, it describes the surface opposite to where the mouth is located, emphasizing the "away from" aspect of the "ab-" prefix.
26. What does "abscission" mean in plant biology?
"Abscission" refers to the process by which a plant drops leaves, fruits, or flowers. The "abs-" prefix indicates the separation or moving away of these parts from the main plant body.
27. How does "abscond" relate to animal behavior and the "abs" root?
In animal behavior, to "abscond" means to leave a location suddenly, often in the context of abandoning a nest or colony. The "abs-" prefix emphasizes the act of moving away or departing from a place.
28. What's the connection between "aberrant" behavior in animals and the "ab" root?
"Aberrant" behavior deviates from the norm. The "ab-" prefix here suggests a movement away from typical or expected patterns, consistent with the root meaning of "away" or "from."
29. How does "abortifacient" relate to the "ab" root in reproductive biology?
An "abortifacient" is a substance that induces abortion. The "ab-" prefix here relates to the termination or moving away from the process of pregnancy, consistent with the root meaning.
30. What's the connection between "abyssal" zones in marine biology and the "ab" root?
"Abyssal" zones are the deepest parts of the ocean. While not directly from "ab/abs," the term embodies the concept of being far away from the surface, aligning with the "away" meaning of "ab."
31. What's the difference between "abduction" and "adduction" in anatomy?
"Abduction" involves moving a body part away from the midline of the body, while "adduction" is moving it towards the midline. The "ab-" in abduction indicates the "away" movement, consistent with the root meaning.
32. What's the significance of "abortive" structures in evolutionary biology?
"Abortive" structures are underdeveloped or non-functional remnants of features that were fully developed in ancestral species. The "ab-" prefix suggests a movement away from or loss of the original, functional form.
33. What does "abiogenesis" mean, and how does it relate to the "ab" concept?
"Abiogenesis" refers to the hypothetical origin of life from non-living matter. While not directly using "ab/abs," it embodies the concept of life arising separately or away from pre-existing life, aligning with the "ab" meaning.
34. How is "absorbance" in spectrophotometry related to the "abs" root meaning?
While not directly biological, "absorbance" in biology labs measures how much light is absorbed by a sample. The "abs-" relates to the light being taken away from the incident beam, aligning with the root meaning.
35. How is "absorbance spectrum" used in photosynthesis studies?
The "absorbance spectrum" shows which wavelengths of light are absorbed by photosynthetic pigments. While not directly using "abs-" as a prefix, it embodies the concept of light being taken away or absorbed from the incident spectrum.
36. How is "absorbance measurement" used in determining bacterial growth?
"Absorbance measurement" in microbiology involves measuring how much light is absorbed by a bacterial culture to estimate its density. While not directly using "abs-" as a prefix, it embodies the concept of light being taken away or absorbed, correlating with bacterial growth.
37. How does "ablation" in medical procedures relate to the "ab" root meaning?
"Ablation" refers to the removal or destruction of biological tissue. The "ab-" prefix in this context indicates the taking away or removal of the tissue, aligning with the root meaning.
38. How does "ablactation" in mammalian biology demonstrate the "ab" root meaning?
"Ablactation" refers to the weaning process in mammals, where young animals stop relying on their mother's milk. The "ab-" prefix emphasizes the moving away from or cessation of lactation.
39. How does "abortive infection" in virology relate to the "ab" root meaning?
An "abortive infection" is when a virus enters a host cell but fails to complete its replication cycle. The "ab-" prefix suggests a moving away from or failure to complete the normal infection process.
40. How does "abortive" development in embryology relate to the "ab" root?
"Abortive" development refers to the failure of an embryo or organ to develop fully. The "ab-" prefix suggests a moving away from or deviation from normal developmental processes.
41. How is "abscisin" related to "abscisic acid" in plant physiology?
"Abscisin" was an early name for abscisic acid, both using the "abs-" prefix to reflect their initially observed role in abscission (separation of plant parts), though abscisic acid is now known to have many other functions.
42. What's the connection between "abscission layer" and leaf color changes in autumn?
The "abscission layer" forms at the base of leaves in autumn, cutting off nutrient flow. This process, emphasized by the "abs-" prefix meaning separation, contributes to color changes and eventual leaf fall.
43. How does "abortive colony" in microbiology relate to the "ab" root?
An "abortive colony" in microbiology is a bacterial colony that fails to develop fully. The "ab-" prefix suggests a moving away from or failure to complete normal colony development.
44. What does "abaxial leaf rolling" mean in plant stress responses?
"Abaxial leaf rolling" is when leaves curl with their lower (abaxial) surface on the outside, often in response to water stress. The "ab-" in abaxial emphasizes that this is the surface away from the stem.
45. How is "absorbent root hair" related to the "abs" root meaning?
"Absorbent root hairs" are structures that increase a plant's ability to take up water and nutrients from soil. While not directly using "abs-" as a prefix, the term embodies the concept of taking away or absorbing substances from the environment.
46. What's the significance of "abscission zone cells" in fruit ripening?
"Abscission zone cells" are specialized cells that facilitate the separation of fruits from plants when ripe. The "abs-" in abscission emphasizes the separation or moving away aspect of this process.
47. How does "aberrant splicing" in genetics relate to the "ab" root meaning?
"Aberrant splicing" refers to incorrect processing of mRNA. The "ab-" prefix suggests a deviation or moving away from normal splicing patterns, consistent with the root meaning.
48. What does "abaxial greening" mean in leaf development?
"Abaxial greening" refers to the development of chlorophyll on the lower (abaxial) surface of leaves in some plants. The "ab-" in abaxial emphasizes that this surface is away from or opposite to the stem.
49. How is "abscission-promoting factor" related to plant hormone balance?
An "abscission-promoting factor" is any substance that encourages the shedding of plant parts. The "abs-" prefix in abscission highlights the separation or moving away aspect of this process, influenced by hormone balance.
50. What's the connection between "abortive fruit" and plant resource allocation?
"Abortive fruits" are fruits that fail to develop fully, often as a result of the plant's resource allocation strategy. The "ab-" prefix suggests a moving away from or failure to complete normal fruit development.
51. How does "abscission zone formation" relate to leaf senescence?
"Abscission zone formation" is part of the leaf senescence process, preparing for leaf shedding. The "abs-" in abscission emphasizes the upcoming separation or moving away of the leaf from the plant.
52. What does "abaxial leaf spot" mean in plant pathology?
An "abaxial leaf spot" is a disease symptom appearing on the lower (abaxial) surface of a leaf. The "ab-" in abaxial emphasizes that this surface is away from or opposite to the stem.
53. What's the significance of "abscission-induced gene expression" in plants?
"Abscission-induced gene expression" refers to genes activated during the process of plant part separation. The "abs-" in abscission emphasizes the separation or moving away aspect that these genes facilitate.
54. How does "aberrant cell division" in cancer biology relate to the "ab" root?
"Aberrant cell division" refers to abnormal or uncontrolled cell division in cancer. The "ab-" prefix suggests a deviation or moving away from normal cell division patterns, consistent with the root meaning.
55. What does "abaxial leaf curling" indicate about plant water status?
"Abaxial leaf curling," where leaves curl with their lower (abaxial) surface outward, often indicates water stress. The "ab-" in abaxial emphasizes that this is the surface away from the stem, and its curling is a response to water loss.
