Locomotion and Movement
Locomotion and movement are some of the basic biological processes whereby an organism moves or changes position or place. In contrast, "locomotion" refers to its ability to move from one place to another. The material in this chapter is crucial for students appearing for entrance exams like NEET and JEE, as it involves a discussion on some of the most fundamental concepts in biology. One could well see how the concept of locomotion and movement itself allows an explanation of why different organisms move within their environment and carry out some crucial functions.
Latest: NEET 2024 Paper Analysis and Answer Key
Don't Miss: Most scoring concepts for NEET | NEET papers with solutions
New: NEET Syllabus 2025 for Physics, Chemistry, Biology
NEET Important PYQ & Solutions: Physics | Chemistry | Biology | NEET PYQ's (2015-24)
- What Is Locomotion and Movement?
- Main Points of Locomotion and Movement
- Types of Movement
- Types of Muscles
- The Skeletal System
- Classification of the Bones:
- Different Types of Locomotion
- Difference Between Locomotion and Movement
- Importance of NEET Preparation
- Tips, Tricks, and Strategies to Prepare For Locomotion and Movement
- Weightage of Topics in Different Entrance Exams
- Types of Questions Asked on the Topic in Different Exams
- Recommended videos on "Locomotion and Movement"
What Is Locomotion and Movement?
Locomotion: This is a change of place from one location to the other. They include walking running, swimming, and flying.
Movement: Any change in position by a part of the body or by the whole organism without necessarily moving the location.
Also Read:
- Excretory Products And Their Elimination
- Neural Control And Coordination
- Ribs and Rib Cage
- 5 major functions of the skeletal system
Main Points of Locomotion and Movement
Types of Movement: Amoeboid movement, ciliary movement, and muscular movement are examples of movement.
Systems Involved: The muscular system, skeletal system, and neural system work together to achieve locomotion.
NCERT Notes Subject Wise Link:
Types of Movement
- Amoeboid Movement Definition: It is the type of movement found in the organism of amoeba. Mechanism: It is the process involving the protrusion of pseudopodia due to protoplasmic flow.
- Ciliary Movement Definition: It is the form of movement carried out through the movement of tiny hair-like structures called cilia. Example: Cleansing of debris within inhaled air through cilia in the respiratory tract.
- Muscular Movement Definition: It is the movement that involves the contraction and relaxation of muscles. Example: Movements of limbs, tongue, and facial muscles. The Muscular System The muscular system performs a vital function in locomotion:
- Composition of Muscles: Composes 40-50% of body weight.
Types of Muscles
Skeletal Muscle: Voluntary muscles attached to bones.
Smooth Muscle: Involuntary muscles which are present in organs.
Cardiac Muscle: A specialized muscle, however, it is found only in the heart.
NCERT Books Link:
The Skeletal System
The skeletal system provides support and a framework for movement:
Number of Bones: There are 206 bones in an adult; in infants, there are nearly 300 bones that fuse up within the lifetime.
NCERT Solutions Subject-wise link:
Classification of the Bones:
Axial Skeleton: It consists of the skull, vertebrae, and ribs.
Appendicular Skeleton: It consists of limbs and girdles.
Joints
Joints are those that connect bones and allow movement.
Types of joints:
Fibrous Joints; Immovable e.g. cranial bones
Cartilaginous Joints; slightly movable e.g. vertebrae
Synovial Joints; freely movable e.g. knees
Different Types of Locomotion
Organisms show different types of locomotion based on their anatomical structure
1. Walking
Coordination of leg and foot movement.
2. Swimming
Use of fins or limbs for propelling through water, e.g. fish
3. Flying
Wings are used for aerial movement, e.g. birds.
NCERT Exemplar Solutions Subject-wise link:
Difference Between Locomotion and Movement
Aspect | Locomotion | Movement |
Definition | Change of location | Change in position |
Example | Walking from one place to another | Moving an arm or leg without changing location |
Type | Involves the whole organism | Can involve parts of the body |
Importance of NEET Preparation
Strong comprehension of these concepts related to locomotion and movement is required for NEET students:
Locomotion and Movement NEET Questions: Often appear in exams as conceptual questions or MCQs.
Locomotion and Movement Class 11 MCQ: Practice multiple-choice questions to solidify your understanding.
For additional resources, consider downloading a locomotion and movement PDF, which can provide further insights into this topic.
Tips, Tricks, and Strategies to Prepare For Locomotion and Movement
This table outlines effective tips and strategies to master the topic of locomotion and movement.
Tips/Tricks | Description |
Use Mnemonics | Create phrases to remember key concepts (e.g., "Muscles move us"). |
Visual Aids | Utilize diagrams of the skeletal and muscular systems to visualize structures. |
Practice Past Papers | Solve previous years' questions to familiarize yourself with exam patterns. |
Group Study | Discuss topics with peers to reinforce learning through teaching. |
Flashcards | Make flashcards for important terms like "muscle types" and "types of movement." |
Weightage of Topics in Different Entrance Exams
Understanding the weightage of topics can help prioritize your study efforts in locomotion and movement for various entrance exams.
Entrance Exam | Weightage (%) | Important Topics |
NEET | 20% | Difference between Movement and Locomotion, Locomotion in Human Beings |
JEE | 15% | |
AIIMS | 25% | |
CBSE | 30% |
Types of Questions Asked on the Topic in Different Exams
Familiarizing yourself with the types of questions related to locomotion and movement can improve your exam performance.
Thus, locomotion and movement form the very basic knowledge required by biology students. This knowledge benefits both academic pursuits and an increase in sensitivity toward how organisms connect with their environments. By becoming well aware of important topics, practising past exam questions, and utilizing effective study strategies, you can do well in understanding this fundamental subject area.
Explore other locomotion and movement-related questions and answers, along with Previous year questions (PYQ) from NEET, for more practice.
Also Read:
Recommended videos on "Locomotion and Movement"
Movement V/s Locomotion
Types of Movement
Muscles and Their Types
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Animals need to walk for a variety of reasons including foraging, mating, shelter, breeding ground and favourable weather and safety from predators. Therefore, the different ways in which animals travel can depend on the environment in which they live and the need for that environment.
Many different types of muscles are present in living organisms and among the heart muscle, skeletal muscles, smooth and flexible muscles, the type of muscle found in the reproductive system is smooth muscle.
Pelvic and Pectoral belts are skeletons that aid in the expression of the lower and upper limbs, respectively, and the axial skeleton. Each of these belts is made up of two halves and each part of the pectoral belt contains the clavicle and scapula. The pelvic gland forms two coxal bones and each coxal bone is formed by a combination of three bones, namely the ilium, ischium and pubis.
The area where bones meet with the help of cartilages is called cartilaginous joints. The other two types of joints are fibrous joints and synovial joints. Fibrous joints do not aid in movement while synovial joints assist in movement and many other movements. Examples of synovial ball and socket joints to join, pivot joint, saddle joint and pivot joint.
The skeletal system plays an important role in movement and mobility. Systematic movement of skeletal muscles, bones, ligaments helps to exit.
Animals need to walk for a variety of reasons including foraging, mating, shelter, breeding ground and favourable weather and safety from predators. Therefore, the different ways in which animals travel can depend on the environment in which they live and the need for that environment.
Many different types of muscles are present in living organisms and among the heart muscle, skeletal muscles, smooth and flexible muscles, the type of muscle found in the reproductive system is smooth muscle.
Pelvic and Pectoral belts are skeletons that aid in the expression of the lower and upper limbs, respectively, and the axial skeleton. Each of these belts is made up of two halves and each part of the pectoral belt contains the clavicle and scapula. The pelvic gland forms two coxal bones and each coxal bone is formed by a combination of three bones, namely the ilium, ischium and pubis.
The area where bones meet with the help of cartilages is called cartilaginous joints. The other two types of joints are fibrous joints and synovial joints. Fibrous joints do not aid in movement while synovial joints assist in movement and many other movements. Examples of synovial ball and socket joints to join, pivot joint, saddle joint and pivot joint.
The skeletal system plays an important role in movement and mobility. Systematic movement of skeletal muscles, bones, ligaments helps to exit.
Also Read
10 Nov'24 10:33 PM
06 Nov'24 01:01 PM
25 Oct'24 08:46 AM
21 Oct'24 03:53 PM
16 Oct'24 06:04 PM
06 Oct'24 11:36 AM
18 Sep'24 06:57 PM
18 Sep'24 06:45 PM