Plant Kingdom

Introduction
Plantae is the plant kingdom. They are multicellular organisms known as eukaryotes. The existence of a stiff structure known as the cell wall that surrounds the cell membrane distinguishes them. Plants also have chlorophyll, a green pigment that is required for photosynthesis. They eat in an autotrophic manner as a result. The plant kingdom is separated into subgroups because it is such a huge group. Understanding how plants are categorized under the Kingdom Plantae is the simplest way to learn about them. It will be much easier to understand more about each plant in-depth once you've mastered the essentials.

Plant and Animal kingdom

All living organisms were later divided into two kingdoms by Linnaeus: Plantae and Animalia. Whittaker proposed a five-kingdom classification: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia (Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia).

Plantae meaning.

Land plants and green algae belong to the Plantae taxonomic category. According to Robert Whittaker, there are generally five kingdoms in the ancient taxonomy of organisms: Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, and Monera. Kingdom Multicellular, (mainly) autotrophic eukaryotes that (typically) undertake photosynthesis are classified as Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae Characteristics

The following are characteristics of the plant kingdom:

• They haven't been able to move in a long time.
• Autotrophic organisms are those that make their own food.
• Vegetative propagation allows them to reproduce sexually or asexually.
• Multicellular organisms are known as eukaryotes. The plant cell is made up of an outer cell wall and a large central vacuole.
• Plants' plastids contain chlorophyll, a photosynthetic pigment.
• They contain numerous organelles for anchoring, reproduction, support, and photosynthesis.
  
  

Plantae Kingdom Classification

Plant kingdoms are divided further into subcategories. The following criteria are used to classify items:

• Plant body: Whether or not a well-differentiated plant body exists. Root, stem, and leaves, for example.
• Vascular system: The presence or absence of a vascular system for water and other material movements. Phloem and Xylem, for example.
• Seed formation: The presence or absence of flowers and seeds, as well as whether the seeds are bare or wrapped in fruit, are all factors in seed production.
  
  

According to the above-mentioned criteria, the plant kingdom has been divided into five subgroups:

• Thallophyta
• Bryophyta
• Pteridophyta
• Gymnosperms
• Angiosperms

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Types of the plant kingdom

Thallophyta

Thallophytes have a thallus-like body structure and lack a well-differentiated body structure.

Plants of the Thallophyta family have a primitive and simple body structure. The thallus is the plant's main body, and it can be filamentous, colonial, branching, or unbranched. Algae such as green algae, red algae, and brown algae are examples. Volvox, Fucus, Spirogyra, Chara, Polysiphonia, Ulothrix, and other species are common examples.

Bryophyta

Vascular tissues are absent in bryophytes. Root-like, stem-like, and leaf-like components make up the plant's body. Bryophytes are terrestrial plants that are also known as "plant amphibians" since they require water for sexual reproduction. They thrive in wet, shaded environments. Mosses, hornworts, and liverworts are all members of the Bryophyta family. Marchantia, Funaria, Sphagnum, Antheoceros, and other frequent examples are only a few.

Pteridophyta

Pteridophytes have a distinct plant body that is divided into root, stem, and leaves. They have a circulatory system that allows water and other chemicals to be transported. Selaginella, Equisetum, Pteris, and other common examples are only a few.

Gymnosperms

The plant body and vascular tissues of gymnosperms are well-differentiated. They produce naked seeds, which are seeds that are not encased in a fruit. Gymnosperms include plants such as Cycas, Pinus, Ephedra, and others.

Angiosperms

Angiosperms are vascular plants that produce seeds and have a well-differentiated plant body. Angiosperm seeds are contained within the fruits. Angiosperms are found all over the world and come in a wide range of sizes. Eucalyptus trees grow to be around 100 meters tall, while Wolffia plants grow to be about 0.1 cm tall. According to the number of cotyledons contained in the seeds, angiosperms are further split into monocotyledons and dicotyledons. Mango, rose, tomato, onion, wheat, maize, and other common examples are only a few.

kingdom Plantae examples

Kingdom Plantae includes Green, brown, and red algae, liverworts, mosses, ferns, and seed plants with and without flowers. Mosses, liverworts, ferns, trees, shrubs, herbs, and cone-bearing plants like pine and spruce are only a few examples of members of the plant kingdom.

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