118 Elements and Their Symbols and Atomic Numbers

The periodic table organizes the 118 known chemical elements by their atomic numbers, which represent the number of protons in their nuclei, and by their chemical properties. Each element is assigned a unique symbol and an atomic number, starting with Hydrogen (H), atomic number 1, to Oganesson (Og), atomic number 118. Understanding these elements, their symbols, and atomic numbers is essential for studying chemistry and its applications in science.

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This Story also Contains

1. Atomic number
2. What Does the symbol of an element Mean?
3. Chemistry periodic table/Chemical Chart:
4. Some Solved Examples

Most of the symbols are similar to the names of the elements name, but there are certain symbols of objects with Latin roots. Its example is the lead described by Pb which is derived from its Latin name "Plumbum". One such example would be the 'Fe' symbol used to represent the metal and could be associated with the Latin word iron, "Ferrum".

Atomic number

118 elements and their symbols and atomic numbers are arranged from left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic number. In the modern periodic table, the elements names and symbols are listed in order of increasing atomic number. Order generally coincides with increasing atomic mass. The rows are called periods. In a periodic table arranged in order of increasing atomic number, elements and symbols having similar chemical properties naturally line up in the same group.

The current table, today, contains a total of as element 118 elements and their symbols and atomic numbers. Since the names of the elements can be long and complex to use, these are indicated by using a symbol. Each item has a unique symbol.

What Does the symbol of an element Mean?

A sign or symbol is a note usually consisting of one or two letters that are used to represent a chemical object. There are also 3-character symbols. These are things that have just been merged and so-called for a while. There are some rules for marking. The first letter of the mark is usually capitalized while the second (or third) letter is usually written in small letters. Eg. - Ca for Calcium, He for Helium, etc. If an item mark contains only one letter, it is always capitalized.

Eg. -Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O), etc.

Symbols are often used to represent objects in a timeline. The chemical formula and proportions must also be used for those properties.

The following table provides a list of 118 elements and their symbols atomic numbers and the number of atoms.

Periodic table of elements with names and their symbols(List of elements)

NCERT Chemistry Notes :

Chemistry periodic table/Chemical Chart:

Name of the chemical element symbols

Some Solved Examples

Example.1 What is the symbol of silver?

1) Si

2) Ar

3) (correct)Ag

4) Sb

Solution

The symbol of silver is Ag derived from the Latin word Argentum.

Hence, the answer is the option (4).

Example.2 Which of the following represents elements in increasing order of their atomic size?

1) I, Br, Cl

2) N, O, F

3) (correct)Be, Mg, Ca

4) Se, S, O

Solution

As we have learned

Vander Waals Radius - It represents the overall size of the atom which includes its valence shell in a non-bonded situation. It is half the distance between two similar atoms in separate molecules in a solid.Vanderwaals radius > metallic radius > covalent radius. Atomic size increases as we move down in a group

Hence, the answer is the option (3).

Example.3 Which of the following has the largest size

1) (correct)Al

2) Al⁺

3) Al⁺²

4) Al⁺³

Solution

With successive ionisations, the size of the species decreases. This is due to an increase in the effective nuclear charge which tends to hold the valence electrons more tightly thus leading to a reduction in the size.

Thus, the correct order of size is Al>Al⁺>Al²⁺>Al³⁺.

Hence, the answer is the option (1).

Example.4 Mendeleev’s periodic table is based on:

1) Atomic number

2) (correct)Atomic weight

3) Ionization enthalpy

4) None of the above

Solution

Mendeleev arranged the elements in horizontal rows and vertical columns in his table in order of their increasing atomic weights. In this way, elements with similar properties occupied the same vertical column.

Hence, the answer is the option (2).

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