Ethyne - Structure, Formula, Application, FAQs

Ethyne is also known as acetylene and has the chemical formula of C₂H₂. Ethyne is a hydrocarbon ( it contains hydrogen and carbon). It also occupies the position of the simplest alkyne. Ethyne does not contain any colour as it is colourless gas as generally lower members of hydrocarbon remains in gaseous form. Most important and widely used of Ethyne is in the fuels and chemical sector. In pure form, acetylene or Ethyne will be odourless but due to the presence of some impurities like divinyl sulphide or phosphine, the compound usually shows odour. As we can easily notice that the compound acetylene is unsaturated due to the presence of a triple bond between adjacent carbon atoms.

Q- Ethyne structural formula

CH₂=CH₂ also known as acetylene, it is a hydrocarbon.

C₂h₂ is Produced by Hydrolysis of ?

Answer will be calcium carbide as calcium carbide when reacts with water ( hydrolysis of calcium carbide) forms Ethyne and calcium hydroxide ( lime milk )

CaC₂ + 2 H₂O ? C₂ H₂ + Ca(OH)₂

Q- Combustion of ethyne ?

When we do combustion of ethyne then it will form a clean flame with high temperature and high energy contents which will be used by us in oxyacetylene welding, or for cutting metals and many more uses are these in chemical sectors, mechanical sectors , etc.

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Ethyne to Ethane

To convert ethane which is a saturated hydrocarbon from ethyne i.e. unsaturated hydrocarbon we will have to do hydrogenation 2 times to convert ethyne to ethane .

Q- C₂h₂ name

c₂h₂ or CH₂=CH₂ is known as ethyne or acetylene and it is a organic compound made up of carbon and hydrogen. There is a triple bond present between adjacent c atoms of ethyne.

Ethane to Ethyne

To convert ethane to ethyne, first we had to convert ethane to bromoethane with the help of a proper catalyst.

CH₂=CH₂+Br₂→CH₂(Br)−CH₂(Br)

1,2a − dibromoethane

And then reaction of dibromo ethane with alcoholic koh will led to the formation of ethyne

CH₂Br−CH₂Br alc.KOH CH₂=CHBrNaNH₂CH≡CH ethyne

Q- Formula of acetylene ?

H-C≡C-H

Hydrolysis of Calcium Carbide

Ca C₂ + 2 H₂O --> C₂ H₂ + Ca(OH)₂

In the above reaction, we can easily notice that calcium carbide reacts with water to form ethyne and calcium hydroxide , we have to note that the solubility of acetylene will increase with the increase of pressure.

Applications of Acetylene:-

About 20% of the formed acetylene is being transferred to industries for oxyacetylene gas welding and cutting. It can be used in oxyacetylene welding because flame produced by acetylene has a very high-temperature I.e.3,600 K (3,330 °c) and releasing 11.8 kJ/g. Flame will be produced through the combustion of acetylene in the presence of oxygen. Acetylene occupies the position of 3^rd hottest chemical flame which is provided in nature. Its main role in oxyacetylene welding is for many decades. Oxyacetylene welding products are also very versatile. Oxyacetylene welding can also be used in the place where electricity is not properly available.

Nowadays many shops use oxyacetylene in the cutting of metals. And for this merchants must need to balance proper pressure with the help of a regulator and the pressure used in cutting and weldings generally more than 15 psi. If pressure is not controlled properly then there will be a shockwave that causes acetylene to decompose into hydrogen and carbon explosively.

Acetylene or ethyne is also used as a portable lighter by miners and cavers. Carbide lamps are also used as headlights in vehicles and as a light source in lighthouses.We can get polyacetylene films by polymerisation of ethyne with ziegler natta catalyst.It is also interesting to note that polyacetylene was the first reported semiconductor with a chain of CH centres and having alternate single and double bonds in their structures. Reaction of ethyne with iodine will give a highly electrical conductive substance. One adverse effect to use oxyacetylene is that they produce products such as acrylic fibres, glasses, paints, resins, and polymers which are very harmful to the environment.

Acetylene has enough energy richness due to its structure I.e. C≡C triple bond. And also acetylene is highly soluble in water and thus makes a suitable substrate for bacteria and till now we have found a number of bacteria that are living in acetylene. Let us see how acetylene in water I.e. acetaldehyde is a suitable substrate for bacteria:-

C₂H₂ + H₂O → CH₃CHO

The enzyme that will catalyses the above reaction is

Acetylene Hydratase.

Q- Calcium carbide to ethyne ?

Ca C₂ + 2 H₂O --> C₂ H₂ + Ca (OH)₂

In the above reaction, we can easily notice that calcium carbide reacts with water to form ethyne and calcium hydroxide , we have to note that the solubility of acetylene will increase with the increase of pressure.

Q- how is ethyne produced from calcium carbide?

By hydrolysis of calcium carbide

Ca C₂ + 2 H₂O --> C₂ H₂ + Ca (OH)₂

In the above reaction, we can easily notice that calcium carbide reacts with water to form ethyne and calcium hydroxide , we have to note that the solubility of acetylene will increase in the increase of pressure.

Combustion of Ethyne

When ethyne burns then it will give a clean flame with high energy and temperature that will be used in various processes like oxyacetylene welding ,etc.

Hybridization of Athyne

Ethyne contains 3 bonds in which one sigma bond, i.e. formed by sp hybridized orbitals, is stronger than other two pi bonds. As we know pi bonds do not play any role in hybridization.

Also Read:

• NCERT solutions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 13 Hydrocarbons
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Ethyl Acetylene

Ethyne is also known as acetylene and has the chemical formula of C₂H₂. Ethyne is a hydrocarbon ( it contains hydrogen and carbon). It also occupies the position of the simplest alkyne. Ethyne does not contain any colour as it is colourless gas as generally lower members of hydrocarbon remains in gaseous form. Most important and widely used of Ethyne is in the fuels and chemical sector. In pure form, acetylene or Ethyne will be odourless but due to the presence of some impurities like divinyl sulphide or phosphine, the compound usually shows odour.

Q Uses of Ethyne

Ethyne has been heavily used in oxyacetylene welding for many decades. Oxyacetylene welding products are also very versatile. Oxyacetylene welding can also be used in the place where electricity is not properly available. Nowadays many shops use oxyacetylene in the cutting of metals. And for this merchants must need to balance proper pressure with the help of a regulator and the pressure used in cutting and weldings generally more than 15 psi. If pressure is not controlled properly then there will be a shockwave that causes acetylene to decompose into hydrogen and carbon explosively. Acetylene or ethyne is also used as a portable lighter by miners and cavers. Carbide lamps are also used as headlights in vehicles and as a light source in lighthouses.

We can get polyacetylene films by polymerisation of ethyne with ziegler natta catalyst. It is also interesting to note that polyacetylene was the first reported semiconductor with a chain of CH centres and having alternate single and double bonds in their structures. Reaction of ethyne with iodine will give a highly electrical conductive substance.

Q- Acetylide Formula ?

Acetylide is a chemical compound with chemical formulas MC≡CH and MC≡CM and bere M refers to any metal and C for Carbon.

Q- How to convert ethene to ethyne?

It is done by two steps:

1st step: Formation of dibromomethane in the reaction of ethene in the presence of CCl₄ and Br₂.

2nd step: Ethyne is formed by the reaction of dibromomethane in the presence of KOH.

Q. What is c2h2?

Acetylene.

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NCERT Chemistry Notes:

• NCERT Notes Class 11th Chemistry
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