Nomenclature Of Elements With Atomic Number

Introduction to IUPAC Nomenclature and Notation of Elements in Chemistry

When it comes to the elements, the identification and the naming that is used in chemistry all over the world is the IUPAC nomenclature and notation. This system is useful in defining the ease of communication between Scientists, educators, and Researchers in different parts of the world.IUPAC provides each chemical element with a name and symbol developed from its atomic constitution, which is the atomic number and neutron number of the nucleus. For instance, hydrogen (H) has one proton and is different from helium (He) with two protons. Also, IUPAC formulates rules on the nomenclature of chemical compounds as the basis to standardize the identification of material substances and their compositions. It is crucial to be familiar with the IUPAC nomenclature when looking at entities and chemical reactions because it enhances the correct encoding, assessment, and interprofessional communication of chemical facts across many fields, including medicine and environmental science.

In this article, we will cover the concept of Mendeleev's Periodic Table observations including the conclusion based on the experiment. This concept falls under the broader category of Classification of Elements and Periodic Table, which is a crucial chapter in Class 11 chemistry. It is not only essential for board exams but also for competitive exams like the Joint Entrance Examination (JEE Main), National Eligibility Entrance Test (NEET), and other entrance exams such as SRMJEE, BITSAT, WBJEE, BCECE, and more. Let us study the Iupac Nomenclature and Notation of Elements in detail to gain insights into this topic and solve a few related problems.

In chemistry for instance there is the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which is responsible for the naming of elements and global notation on how they are to be called. This makes it easier to provide clear and accurate meanings when communicating to scientists, educators, researchers, and most parties around the globe. Thus, IUPAC designates specific names and symbols for all chemical elements taking into consideration the number of protons (atomic number) as well as neutrons in the atomic nucleus. For instance, hydrogen has one and is referred to as H while helium has two and is referred to as He. Moreover, IUPAC gives guidelines for giving chemical compounds a unique name by affording standards in the naming of substances and their compositions. Knowledge of IUPAC nomenclatures is critical when calling or defining chemical entities or reactions in our disciplines of studies that range from pharmaceuticals to environmental chemistry.

IUPAC proposed a system for naming elements with Z > 100. By using these rules as follows-

The names are derived by using roots for the three digits in an atomic number of the element and adding the ending-mum. The roots for the numbers are:

In some cases the names are shortened; bi ium and tri ium are shortened to bium and trium respectively, and enn nil is shortened to ennil.

The symbol for the element is made from the first letters of the roots which make up the name. The strange mixture of Latin and Greek roots has been chosen to ensure that the symbols are all different.

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Solved Examples Based On Iupac Nomenclature and Notation of Elements

Example 1: What would be the IUPAC name of the element with atomic number 117?

1) Unnilennium

2) Ununbium

3) (correct) Ununseptium

4) Unnilseptium

Solution: The IUPAC name of the element with atomic number 117 is Ununseptium.

Hence, the answer is the option (4).

Example 2: What is the IUPAC name and symbol of the element with atomic number 149?

1) Unnilquadium, Unq

2) (correct) Unquadennium, Uqe

3) Unniloctium, Uno

4) Unnilennium, Une

Solution: The IUPAC name of an element with atomic number 149 is Unquadennium and its symbol is Uqe.

Hence, the answer is the option (2).

Example 3: What is the first element with an atomic number greater than 100?

1) 101, Ununbium

2) 101, Unniltrium

3) (correct) 101, Unnilunium

4) 101, Unnilpentium

Solution: The first element with an atomic number greater than 100 is 101 and its IUPAC name is Unnilunium.

Hence, the answer is the option (3).

Example 4: The atomic number of the element unnilennium

1) (correct) 109

2) 102

3) 108

4) 119

Solution: The atomic number of the unnilennium is 109.

Word root: un - 1
nil - 0
biennium - 9

Hence, the answer is the option (1).

Example 5: The IUPAC nomenclature of an element with electronic configuration $[\mathrm{Rn}] 5 \mathrm{f}^{14} 6 \mathrm{~d}^1 7 \mathrm{~s}^2$ is :

1) Unnilbium

2)Unnilunium

3)Unnilquadium

4) (correct) Unniltrium

Solution: $[\mathrm{Rn}] 5 \mathrm{f}^{14} 6 \mathrm{~d}^1 7 \mathrm{~s}^2: 86+14+1+2=103 \mathrm{Lr}$
Atomi number $=103$
$103=$ UnniltriumHence, the answer is the option (4).

Conclusion

The IUPAC nomenclature and notation system is essential and widely used in terms of naming and depicting the elements and compounds in chemistry. Thus, it enhances the certainty and accuracy of conversations by naming and symbolizing each element in tune with the atomic structure. This way the facts can be exactly described by the existing rules of scientific approaches and chemist’s tools will allow other scientists to quickly switch to the desired topic of study and exchange experiences. Furthermore, IUPAC standards are also applied not only to elements, but also to the names of various chemical compounds helping to organize these structures, making the launching of new chemicals into the market among pharmaceuticals, materials science, and others easier to comprehend. In conclusion, students and chemists must be acquainted with IUPAC nomenclature to be able to disseminate the findings, do research, and work towards more progress in terms of greater society’s benefit.