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    NBDE Pharmacology Mnemonics Online Course- Part 1

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    Udemy

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    ₹ 799

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    Medium of instructions English
    Mode of learning Self study
    Mode of Delivery Video and Text Based

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    ₹ 799
    certificate availability

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    The syllabus

    Local Anesthetics Notes Mnemonics

    • Distinguish amide from ester local anesthetics based on the name - part1
    • Distinguish amide from ester local anesthetics based on the name - part 2
    • Metabolism of Local Anesthetics- ester vs amide
    • Local anesthetics are the drug group with the most consistent structure.
    • LA toxicity: prilocaine causes methemoglobinemia
    • Mechanism of action of local anesthetics
    • Absorption of local anesthetics
    • Calculations of local anesthetics (SPECIAL FORMULA)

    Local Anesthetics Questions (see learning objectives)

    • Question 1
    • Question 2
    • Question 3
    • Question 9
    • Question 10
    • Question 11
    • Question 12
    • Q 13
    • Q 14- MNEMONIC: Duration of action of LAs
    • Q 15
    • Q 15 "2nd"- MNEMONIC: propranolol increases the duration of action of Lidocaine
    • Q 16- MNEMONIC: amide vs ester half lives
    • Q 17
    • Q 18- MNEMONIC: Methemoglobinemia & Orthotoluidine
    • Q 19
    • Q 20- MNEMONIC: LA toxicity effects on nervous systems
    • Q 20a
    • Q 20 "2nd"
    • Q 20 "3rd"-MNEMONIC: Grave's disease & sensitivity to epinephrine
    • Q 21- MNEMONIC: cardiovascular collapse is due to DIRECT action of LA on heart.
    • Q 22
    • Q 23- MNEMONIC: Cocaine blocks reuptake of norepinephrine & produces vasoconstri
    • Q 24- MNEMONIC: Cocaine stimulates cerebral cortex
    • Q 25
    • Q 26
    • Q 27- MNEMONIC: Sodium-potassium pump
    • Q 28
    • Q 30
    • Q 31
    • Q 32
    • Q 35- MNEMONIC: pKa, pH effect on local anesthetics.
    • pg 5- Q 33-MNEMONIC: onset of action of LA in small nerves vs large
    • pg5-Q 34
    • pg5- Q 35
    • pg5-Q 36
    • Q 37
    • Q 38
    • Q 39

    Antibiotics Notes Mnemonics

    • Point 1a: Penicillin V vs Penicillin G
    • Point 1b: ampicillin has the best gram-negative spectrum
    • Point 1c: Drugs that are cross-allergenic with penicillin
    • Point 1d: Dicloxacillin is effective against penicillinase-producing bugs
    • point 1e: Carbenicillin is used to treat psuedomonas infections
    • point 1f (check latest guidelines)
    • point 2a: Bactericidal agents (penicillin) and their mechanism of action
    • Point 2b: Bacteriostatic agents (tetracyline) and their mechanism of action
    • point 2c: Antifungals mechanism of action.
    • Point 2d: Bacteriostatic agents (sulfonamides) mech. of action(PABA-folic acid)
    • point 3a: Allergic reactions to penicillins- symptoms
    • point 3b: Clindamycin produces psuedomonas colitis & GI upset
    • point 3c: broad spectrum & narrow spectrum antibiotics- superinfection
    • point 3d: Aplastic anemia is associated with chloramphenicol
    • point 3e: Tetracycline is associated with liver damage
    • point 3f: erythromycin estolate is associated with allergic cholestatic hepatits
    • Point 4a: Tetracyline and penicillin (cidal-static interaction)
    • point 4b: probenecid and penicillin interaction
    • point 4c: Tetracyline interaction with anatacids and dairy products
    • point 4d: Broad spectrum antibiotics enhance the action of coumarin
    • point 4e: Ampicillin reduces effectiveness of oral contraceptives
    • point 4f: erythromycin inhibits metabolism of seldane and digoxin
    • point 5a: Acyclovir is used to treat herpes
    • point 5b: Fluconazole/ ketoconazole: systemic-acting antifungals for candidiasis

    Antibiotics - Questions (see learning objectives)

    • Q 5
    • Q 6
    • Q 7- MMNEMONIC: penicillin G is given intramuscularly
    • Q 11
    • Q 12- MNEMONIC: Cephalexin is cross-allergenic with penicillins
    • Q 13
    • Q 14
    • Q 13 "2nd"
    • pg 8 Q 14 -MNEMONIC: substitutes for penicillin in penicillin-sensitive patients
    • Q15
    • Q 16- MNEMONIC: Ampicillin has the best gram-negative spectrum among penicillins
    • Q 17
    • Q 18
    • Q 19
    • Q 20- MNEMONIC: Ampicillin is the least effective against penicillinase
    • Q 21
    • Q 22
    • Q 24
    • Q 25
    • Q 26- MNEMONIC:Clindamycin concentration in bone; tetracycline in gingival fluid
    • Q 27
    • Q 37 pg 9
    • Q 28- MNEMONIC: Different Antibiotics side effects
    • Q 29- MNEMONIC: Erythromycin estolate is associated with cholestatic hepatits
    • Q 30
    • Q 31-MNEMONIC: Drugs that cause gastrointestinal upset & pseudomem. colitis
    • Q 32
    • Q 33
    • Q 34- MNEMONIC: Tetracycline side effects (photosensitivity & GI symptoms)
    • Q 36- MNEMONIC: Colitis from clindamycin therapy is cause by C. difficile
    • Q 37
    • Q 38- MNEMONIC: Acyclovir is used to treat herpes.
    • Q 38 "2nd"
    • Q 39
    • Q 40- MNEMONIC: Sulfonamides and trimethoprim are synergisitic.
    • Q 41
    • Q 42- MNEMONIC: antibiotic concentration at the site of infection- odontogenic
    • Q 14 page 10
    • Q 42 "2nd"
    • Q 43
    • Q 44- MNEMONIC: Probenecid results in decreased renal excretion of penicillin
    • Q 71- MNEMONIC: Penicillin is metabolized in the liver, cleared by kidneys
    • Q 45
    • Q 46- MNEMONIC: Ciprofloxacin is affected by antacids and dairy products
    • Q 47- MNEMONIC: Erythromycin should be avoided in patients taking Seldane

    Cardiovascular Drugs Mnemonics : 1. ) Drug used to treat a certain condition

    • Hypertension- point 1: Diuretics
    • Hypertension- point 2: Beta blockers
    • Hypertension- point 3: Alpha-1 blockers
    • Hypertension- point 4: centrally acting adrenergic drugs
    • Hypertension- point 5: neuronal blockers
    • Hypertension- point 6: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
    • Hypertension- Group mnemonic
    • Angina
    • Arrhythmias- point 1: Lidocaine
    • Arrhythmias- point 2 : Phenytoin
    • Arrhythmias-point 3: Quinidine
    • Arrhythmias-point 4: Verapamil
    • Arrhythmias point 5: Digitalis
    • Arrhythmias point 6
    • Arrhythmia drugs group mnemonic
    • Congestive heart failure

    Mechanism of action of Cardiovascular drugs

    • Antiarrhythmics point b: Type 1B agents (lidocaine)
    • Antiarrhythmics point c (digitalis)
    • Antiangina point a: Nitroglycerin
    • Antiangina point b: propranolol
    • Antiangina point c: Calcium channel blockers
    • Antihypertensives
    • ACE inhibitors
    • Adrenergic agents- point a: prazosin & alpha-1 action
    • Adrenergic agents- point b: Methyldopa
    • Adrenergic agents- point c: Clonidine & alpha-2 action
    • Adrenergic agents- point d: propranolol
    • Adrenergic agents- point e: metoprolol
    • Diuretics- introduction
    • Diuretics- point a: thiazides.
    • Diuretics- point b: High-ceiling or loop acting (furosemide)
    • Diuretics- point c: potassium sparing: spironolactone
    • Congestive heart failure drugs

    Cardiovascular Drugs - Questions (see learning objectives)

    • Q 1
    • Q 2
    • Q 3
    • Q 4
    • Q 5
    • Q 6- MNEMONIC: Ephedrine is used to treat hypertension
    • Q 7
    • Q 8- MNEMONIC: Procainamide is used to treat cardiac aryythmia
    • Q 9: MNEMONIC: chlorothiazide is used in mild hypertension
    • Q 10
    • Q 11
    • Q 12
    • Q 13
    • Q 14
    • Q 15
    • Q 16
    • Q 17
    • Q 18
    • Q 19
    • Q 20
    • Q 21
    • Q 22- MNEMONIC: thiazide diuretics can cause hyperglycemia
    • Q 23
    • Q 24
    • Q 25
    • Q 26
    • Q 27
    • Q 28
    • Q 29
    • Q 30
    • Q 31: MNEMONIC: digitalis increases urine flow
    • Q 32- MNEMONIC: Prazosin inhibits the postsynaptic action of norepinephrine
    • Q 33
    • Q 33- MNEMONIC point a: Methyldopa stimulates alpha-2 in the brainstem
    • Q 33 point b: Metoprolol
    • Q 33 point c- MNEMONIC: hydralazine reduces hypertension by direct vasodilation
    • Q 33 point d- MNEMONIC: propranolol
    • Q 33- point e- MNEMONIC: Guanethedine & catecholamines & blood-brain barrier
    • Q 34
    • Q 35
    • Q 36
    • Q 37-MNEMONIC: Beta-1 agonists increase heart rate and cardiac output
    • Q 38- MNEMONIC: ethacrynic acid: high-ceiling diuretic, can cause ototoxicity
    • Q 39-MNEMONIC: Yellow-green vision is a symptom of digitalis toxicity
    • Q 40

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