Top 50 MS Excel Interview Questions and Answers (2025): Beginners to Expert

If you want good career growth or secure a job for data analysis, financial modelling, business decision-making, and any data-centric roles, MS Excel formulas and functions need to be on your finger-tips. If we talk about interview questions related to MS Excel, employers expect candidates to understand Excel functions, data manipulation techniques, and automation tools like macros.

This Story also Contains

1. MS Excel Interview: Highlights
2. Top MS Excel Questions and Answers Asked in Interview
3. MS Excel Scope

To crack the MS Excel interview, candidates are advised to go through the ms excel interview questions beforehand to understand the question types at different levels. In this guide, candidates can check the interview questions about ms excel from freshers as well as professionals.

MS Excel Interview: Highlights

Top MS Excel Questions and Answers Asked in Interview

In this guide, MS Excel questions asked in interview are divided into three levels, namely basic Excel interview questions, intermediate and advanced interview questions for MS Excel.

Basic Excel Interview Questions

Q1. What is Excel, and why is it important in business?
Ans: This is one of the most common Excel interview questions and answers. Excel is spreadsheet software used for data manipulation, analysis, and visualization. It is crucial in business for tasks like budgeting, financial analysis, and reporting.

Q2. Explain the difference between a row and a column in Excel.
Ans: Rows are horizontal cells, while columns are vertical cells. Rows are identified by numbers, and columns are identified by letters.

Q3. How do you format cells in Excel?
Ans: This is one of the best questions on MS Excel for interview. Select the cells, right-click, and choose "Format Cells." You can change the font, number format, alignment, and more.

Q4. What is the SUM function used for?
Ans: The SUM function adds up a range of numbers. For example, "=SUM(A1:A10)" adds the numbers in cells A1 to A10.

Q5. How can you freeze panes in Excel?
Ans: To freeze panes, go to "View" > "Freeze Panes." It helps keep headers visible while scrolling through a large dataset.

Q6. What does the IF function do?
Ans: The IF function evaluates a condition and returns one value if true and another if false. It is useful for creating conditional logic in formulas. This qualifies as one of the most asked Excel Interview Questions and Answers.
Also Read: Become a Microsoft Excel Pro With These 15 Courses

Q7. Explain the purpose of the VLOOKUP function.
Ans: This question tests your basic knowledge of Excel for an interview. The VLOOKUP function searches for a value in the leftmost column of a range and returns a value in the same row from a specified column.

Q8. What is a cell reference in Excel?
Ans: A cell reference is the unique identifier of a cell, consisting of its column letter and row number (e.g., A1).

Q9. How do you create a chart in Excel?
Ans: Select the data you want to include in the chart, go to the "Insert" tab, and choose the chart type you prefer.

Q10. What is the purpose of conditional formatting?
Ans: Conditional formatting highlights cells that meet specific criteria, making it easier to identify trends and outliers in data.

MS Excel Interview Questions at Intermediate Level

Q11. Explain the difference between relative and absolute cell references.
Ans: A relative cell reference adjusts when copied to other cells, while an absolute reference remains constant. Mixed references combine both.

Q12. What are pivot tables, and how are they used?
Ans: PivotTables summarise large datasets, allowing you to analyse and visualise data based on various dimensions and measures.

Q13. How can you remove duplicateIntroduction to Spreadsheets and Models by Courseras from a dataset in Excel?
Ans: Select the range, go to the "Data" tab, and click "Remove Duplicates." Choose the columns to check for duplicates and click OK.

Q14. What is the CONCATENATE function used for?
Ans: The CONCATENATE function combines text from multiple cells into one cell. For example, "=CONCATENATE(A1, " ", B1)" combines the contents of A1 and B1.

Q15. Explain the purpose of the INDEX and MATCH functions.
Ans: INDEX returns the value of a cell in a specific row and column of a range. MATCH returns the relative position of a value in a range.

Q16. How do you create a drop-down list in Excel?
Ans: You can create a drop-down list using Data Validation. Select the cell, go to "Data" > "Data Validation," choose "List," and provide the source values.

Q17. What is the purpose of the HLOOKUP function?
Ans: Similar to VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP searches for a value in the top row of a range and returns a value in the same column from a specified row.

Q18. How do you protect a worksheet in Excel?
Ans: Go to the "Review" tab, click "Protect Sheet," and set a password to prevent others from making changes to the sheet's structure and data.

Q19. Explain the concept of named ranges in Excel?
Ans: Named ranges are defined names given to a specific cell or range of cells. They make formulas easier to understand and maintain.

Q20. What is the purpose of the COUNTIF function?
Ans: COUNTIF counts the number of cells within a range that meet a specific condition. For example, "=COUNTIF(A1:A10, ">50")" counts cells with values greater than 50.

Q21. How can you use the CONCATENATE function in Excel?
Ans: The CONCATENATE function is used to join together multiple strings of text. For example, "=CONCATENATE(A1, " - ", B1)" combines the contents of cells A1 and B1 with a hyphen in between.

Q22. What is the purpose of the COUNTA function?
Ans: COUNTA counts the number of non-empty cells within a range. It is particularly useful for determining the total number of entries in a dataset.

Q23. How can you use the TEXT function in Excel?
Ans: The TEXT function is used to convert a numeric value into text format with a specified format code. For instance, "=TEXT(A1, "dd-mmm-yyyy")" converts the date in cell A1 to a format like "21-Aug-2023."

Q24. Explain the concept of conditional formulas in Excel.
Ans: Conditional formulas, like SUMIF and COUNTIF, perform calculations based on a specified condition. For example, "=SUMIF(B1:B10, "Apples", C1:C10)" sums the values in column C where the corresponding value in column B is "Apples."
Also Read: Top Excel courses online to pursue right now

Q25. How do you create a hyperlink in Excel?
Ans: To create a hyperlink, select the cell, right-click, and choose "Hyperlink." You can link to a webpage, another file, or a specific location within the workbook.

Q26. What is the purpose of the PMT function?
Ans: The PMT function calculates the payment amount for a loan or investment, given the interest rate, number of periods, and present value.

Q27. What is the purpose of the SUMPRODUCT function in Excel?
Ans: The SUMPRODUCT function in Excel is a powerful tool used for multiplying corresponding values in multiple arrays or ranges and then summing up the results. It is often used in scenarios where you need to calculate weighted sums or perform complex calculations on data.

Q28. Explain the purpose of the DATEVALUE function.
Ans: The DATEVALUE function converts a text representation of a date into a numeric date value that Excel can recognise and work with.

Q29. What is conditional formatting, and how can it be applied in Excel?
Ans: Conditional formatting in Excel allows you to highlight cells based on specific conditions or rules you define. It is a visual way to quickly identify trends, outliers, or important data. To apply it, select the cells, go to the "Home" tab, and choose "Conditional Formatting" to set up your rules and formatting options.

Q30. What is the purpose of the IFNA function?
Ans: The IFNA function checks if a formula results in the #N/A error and returns a specified value if true. It is useful for handling specific error cases.

Advanced Excel Interview Questions and Answers

Q31. How can you use the ‘INDIRECT’ function in Excel?
Ans: The ‘INDIRECT’ function in Excel is a versatile tool for generating dynamic cell references. By using INDIRECT, you can construct formulas that adapt to changing data, making it particularly valuable for scenarios where cell references need to adjust dynamically as data evolves, ensuring accuracy and flexibility in calculations.

Q32. Explain the purpose of the NetworkDays function.
Ans: The NetworkDays function in Excel serves to determine the count of business days (working days) between two specified dates, excluding weekends (Saturdays and Sundays) as well as optionally specified holidays. It is especially useful for calculating project timelines and managing leave or delivery schedules.
Also Read: How to Excel in Online Marketing Career

Q33. What is the purpose of the ‘COUNTBLANK’ function in Excel, and how is it used?
Ans: The ‘COUNTBLANK’ function in Excel is used to count the number of empty or blank cells within a specified range. It can help you assess the completeness of your data or identify areas where information is missing. To use it, simply enter COUNTBLANK(range) where "range" is the range of cells you want to evaluate.

Q34. How can you transpose data in Excel?
Ans: Copy the data, right-click the destination cell, select "Paste Special," and choose "Transpose." This changes rows to columns and vice versa.

Q35. Explain the concept of data validation in Excel.
Ans: Data validation in Excel is a feature that sets predefined rules or criteria for cell entries. It ensures that only valid and accurate data can be input, reducing errors and maintaining data integrity. This feature is crucial for enforcing consistent and error-free data across spreadsheets.

Q36. What is the purpose of the OFFSET function?
Ans: OFFSET returns a reference to a range that is a specified number of rows and columns away from a given cell. It is useful for dynamic range references.

Q37. How do you use the SUBTOTAL function in Excel?
Ans: SUBTOTAL calculates various aggregate functions, such as SUM, AVERAGE, and COUNT, while also considering filtered data.

Q38. What is the scenario manager in Excel?
Ans: The Scenario Manager allows you to create and manage different scenarios to compare the impact of different variables on a specific outcome.

Q39. Explain the use of the GETPIVOTDATA function in Excel.
Ans: The GETPIVOTDATA function in Excel is a powerful tool for extracting specific information from PivotTables. By using this function, you can precisely target and retrieve data points like totals, subtotals, or individual values within the PivotTable, facilitating detailed analysis and reporting based on the PivotTable's structured data.
Also Read: Free Microsoft Excel Certification Courses

Q40. How can you use Excel for regression analysis?
Ans: You can use Excel's built-in regression analysis tools like the LINEST function to perform linear and non-linear regression on data.

Q41. How can you create a custom Excel function using VBA?
Ans: You can create a custom function using Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) programming. Use the "Developer" tab, open the Visual Basic Editor, write your code, and save it as an Excel Add-In.

Q42. Explain the purpose of the RANK function in Excel.
Ans: The RANK function in Excel is utilised to determine the relative standing of a specific value within a dataset. It calculates whether the value should receive a higher rank for being larger or smaller than other values. This function is valuable for comparative analysis and ranking data in ascending or descending order.

Q43. What is the purpose of the ‘FORECAST’ function?
Ans: The ‘FORECAST’ function predicts a future value based on existing values. It uses linear regression to estimate the value based on historical data points.

Q44. How do you consolidate data from multiple worksheets into one?
Ans: You can use Excel's Consolidate feature to combine data from different worksheets or workbooks. Go to "Data" > "Consolidate" and choose the ranges you want to consolidate.

Q45. Explain the concept of circular references in Excel.
Ans: Circular references occur when a formula refers to its own cell or cells that directly or indirectly refer back to it. Excel can handle circular references, but they should be used cautiously.

Bonus Section: Excel Interview Questions for Power Users

Q46. What are Power Query and Power Pivot?
Ans: Power Query is used for data transformation and merging, while Power Pivot is used for creating advanced data models and calculations.

Q47. Explain the purpose of Excel's "PivotTable" feature and give an example of a scenario where it is beneficial.
Ans: Excel's PivotTable feature is designed to summarise and analyse large datasets quickly. It allows users to extract meaningful insights from complex data. For example, in a sales dataset, you can use PivotTables to analyse sales trends, product performance, or regional sales distribution, making it a valuable tool for decision-making and reporting.

Q48. Explain the concept of Excel tables.
Ans: Excel tables provide a structured way to organise and analyse data. They come with built-in features like filtering, sorting, and dynamic ranges.

Q49. How can you create a macro in Excel?
Ans: You can create a macro using the "Developer" tab. Macros are recorded actions that can automate repetitive tasks.

Q50. What is the purpose of the ‘CHOOSE’ function in Excel?
Ans: The ‘CHOOSE’ function returns a value from a list of values based on a specified index number. It is useful for simplifying complex nested IF statements.

MS Excel Scope

MS Excel is a versatile tool used across industries, including finance, healthcare, IT, and retail. Professionals with advanced Excel skills are in high demand for roles such as data analysis, financial modelling, and reporting. The career growth graph for Excel experts is promising, with opportunities to move into senior roles like data scientist, financial manager, or business intelligence analyst. As businesses increasingly rely on data, the demand for Excel professionals continues to rise.

Scope of MS Excel: Top Job Profiles, Salary Trends, and Recruiters

(Source: Payscale, Glassdoor, and Naukri.com)

MS Excel Certification Courses By Top Providers

Skills Needed for a Professional MS Excel Expert

• Data Handling & Cleaning
• Advanced Formulas & Functions such as VLOOKUP, INDEX-MATCH, IF, COUNTIF, SUMIFS.
• Pivot Tables & Charts
• Macros & VBA Automation
• Data Analysis & Reporting
• Collaboration & Integration

By familiarising yourself with these top 50 Excel interview questions and their comprehensive answers, you will be well-equipped to excel in your Excel-related interviews. Whether you are just starting or looking to showcase your advanced skills, mastering Excel will undoubtedly boost your career prospects. Remember, practice and continuous learning are key to becoming an Excel power user.