Post Graduate Program in Industrial Structures

Week 01 - Introduction to Industrial Structures

• Steel structures in the industry
• The stress-strain behaviour of structural steel
• The properties of steel & shapes
• Types of industrial structures
• The key design factors
• Types of structural systems in steel building
• The general loads on industrial structures
• Basic structural steel elements
• Gravity and lateral load path
• Structural redundancy
• General design procedure
• Iterative design process

Week 02 - Design of Tension Member

• The types of tension members
• The behaviour of tension member
• Failure mode possibilities
• The design strength of tension members
• Factors affecting member strength
• Shear Lag
• Sections used for the tension member
• Design of tension member

Week 03 - Design of Compression Member

• The types of compression member
• The behaviour of compression member
• Failure mode possibilities
• Sections used for compression member
• The effective length of compression member
• Design of compression member
• Design of Built-up compression member

Week 04 - Design of Beams

• Types of beam
• The loads on Beam
• Section classification
• Lateral stability of beams
• The effective length of beams
• The design of laterally restrained beams
• The design of laterally supported and unsupported beams
• Design of purlins (Hot rolled)

Week 05 - Design of Plate Girder

• The types of sections
• Elements of plate girder
• General considerations
• The proportioning of section
• Preliminary sizing
• Design of plate girder using IS 800:2007

Week 06 - Structural System of Industrial Structure

• Lateral load resisting system
• Vertical load resisting system
• Flooring system (Plating grating & Deck Beam)
• Grating & chequered plate
• Composite floor deck

Week 07 - Modelling of Structure in STAAD.Pro

• Introduction to STAAD.Pro
• Modelling nodes and beam element
• Generating model geometry
• Viewing geometry
• Creating groups
• Assigning properties
• Assigning specification
• Modelling tapered members
• Assigning custom sections using user table
• Member material specification
• Modelling Finite elements
• Modelling in physical modeller

Week 08 - Loading, Analysis and Design Procedure in STAAD.Pro

• To create load cases
• To apply self-weight
• Modelling member loads and Floor loads
• Application of load (vertical/lateral)
• Modelling reference loads
• Modelling of moving loads
• Seismic load generation
• Wind load generation
• Application of design parameters
• Performing simple analysis
• Post-processing result interpretation

Week 09 - Analysis & design of Typical Steel Frame structure using STAAD. Pro

• Input preparation
• General modelling
• Load & load calculations
• Analysis of structure
• The application of design parameters
• Design of structure
• The interpretation of post-processing results

Week 10 - Modelling , Analysis & Design of Industrial building (PEB) in STAAD.Pro.

• Introduction to Pre-engineered building
• the comparison of PEB over conventional building
• Various components of PEB
• General loads on PEB
• Load combination as per IS 800: 2007 & AISC ASD
• Input preparation
• Load & Load calculations
• Analysis of structure
• The application of design parameters
• Design of structure

Week 11 - Analysis & design of Pipe Rack structures using STAAD.Pro

• Introduction to pipe racks
• The components of pipe racks
• The types of pipe racks
• Loads on pipe racks
• Load combination as per AISC, LRFD, ASD
• Design criteria of structure
• Case Study of pipe rack structure

Week 12 - Design of Foundation using STAAD.Foundation

• Introduction to STAAD.Foundation
• Modelling supports
• Modelling support loading
• Importing information from STAAD.Pro
• To design isolated footing
• To design eccentric isolated footing
• To design continuous footing
• To design pile cap
• To design soil supported mat foundation
• To design pile-supported mat foundation

Week 01 - Shelter Geometry

• Column spacing
• Thumb rules for member sizing
• Roof slope
• Column orientation
• Base plate configuration
• Bracing pattern
• Crane supporting arrangement
• Crane vendor drawings study

Week 02 - Gantry Girders

• Introduction
• Different shapes/arrangements of girders
• Different sections of rails
• Loads
  • Vertical
  • Lateral
  • Longitudinal
  • Impact
• IS code provisions
• Design procedure

Week 03 - Roof Trusses

• Introduction
• Selection of type of truss
• Spacing of truss
• Panel layout
• Loads on roof truss
• Deflection of truss
• Connection
• Bracing of trust
• Solved examples

Week 04 - STAAD Modelling

• Shelter modelling in STAAD
• Assigning properties to members
• Assigning specifications to members
• Assigning supports
• Redefining incidences
• Renumbering of nodes and members

Week 05 - STAAD Modelling

• Dead loads
  • Indian code provisions
  • Member self-weight
  • Connection weight
  • Purlin and cladding runner weight
  • Cladding weight
  • Roof sheeting weight
• Live loads
  • Indian code provisions
  • Live loads on crane platforms
  • Live loads on the roof
  • Collateral loads/MEP loads
• Crane Loads
  • Vertical loads
  • Horizontal loads
  • Impact loads

Week 06 - Wind Load Calculations using Indian Codes

• Wind loads on walls
  • Open shelter
  • Partially open shelter
  • Closed shelter
• Wind loads on roofs
  • Open shelter
  • Partially open shelter
  • Closed shelter
• Load Application in STAAD

Week 07 - Analysis and Design

• Creating strength and service load combinations
• Analysis and design
• Design parameters
• Checking analysis results
• Design of runner beams

Week 08 - Design of Beams and Columns

• Checking SFD and BMD in STAAD.Pro
• Comparing with manual beam design
• Comparing with manual column Design

Week 09 - Base Plate Design

• Introduction to base plates
• Types of base plates
• Design procedure
• Design of handbook using AISC design guide

Week 10 - Special Publications

• Steel structure with portal frames with cranes
• Steel structures with steel roof trusses with and without cranes

Week 11 - Design Drawing Preparation

• How to prepare design drawings?
• Scaling of design drawings
• Drawing sizes to be used
• Layout of design drawings
• General notes to be covered in design drawings

Week 12 - Design Report Preparation

• How to prepare a design report for submission to a client?
• Points to be covered in the design report

Week 01 - Introduction and Loads on structures

• Significance of stability
• Why do structures fail?
• Stability - Definition
• Stable structures
• Forms of structural instabilities
• Response of frame to lateral loads
• Horizontal deflection
• Eccentricities & drifts
• Load calculation accuracy & magnitude 
• Types of loads 
• Variable loads 
• Permanent loads 
• Construction phase loadings 
• Soil’s lateral static load 
• Complex loads 
• Environmental loads 
• Self-straining loads 
• Temperature loads 
• Inertial loads 
• Blast loads 
• Distribution of vertical loads 
• Distribution of horizontal loads 
• Wind loads 
• Seismic loads 
• Load combinations

Week 02 - Anatomy of structure and construction phase stability

• Introduction to Structure Anatomy
• Structural elements
• Structural materials
• Stability systems
• Steel structure
• Concrete structure
• Load paths
• Introduction to construction phase structural stability 
• Construction Stage 
• Causes of Construction Instabilities 
• Design Phases of a Project 
• Role of Structural Engineers during the Construction Stage 
• Responsibilities of a Structural Engineer 
• Responsibilities of the Contractor 
• Temporary Vs Permanent Conditions 

Week 03 - Regular & Irregular Structures and Lateral Stability Systems Operational & Serviceability Requirements

• Introduction 
• Importance of Regularity 
• Effects of Irregularities on Seismic Design 
• Seismic Plan Irregularity 
• Torsional Irregularity on Plan 
• Diaphragm Discontinuity Irregularity 
• Re-entrant Corner Irregularity 
• Plan Dimensions Ratio Irregularity 
• Non-parallel System Irregularity 
• Out-of-plane Offset Irregularity 
• Seismic Elevation Irregularity 
• Soft-storey Irregularity 
• Mass Distribution Irregularity 
• Geometric Vertical Irregularity 
• In-plane Discontinuity Irregularity 
• Vertical Lateral Stability Elements Discontinuities 
• Storey Mechanism Irregularity 
• Foundation Irregularity 
• Dealing with Irregularity 
• Introduction 
• Architectural requirements
• Vertical services distribution
• Horizontal services distribution
• Excessive deflections effects
• Vertical geometric aspect
• Fire compartmentations
• Insulation
• Sites influence
• Construction phase

Week 04 - Structural Robustness Requirements and second order effects

• Introduction
• Progressive and Disproportionate collapse
• Robustness design
• Structural classification
• Number of storeys in a structure
• Modification to existing structures
• Introduction to second order effects 
• Impact of Second Order Effects 
• Imperfection & Examples 
• Global Imperfections 
• Local Imperfections 
• Material Imperfections 
• Irregular Structures 

Week 05 - Vertical Lateral Stability Systems and Horizontal Stability Systems - Diaphragms

• Introduction
• Vertical Stability System
• Types of Vertical Stability System
• Distribution of Vertical Stability System on Plan
• Continuity of Vertical Lateral Stability Element
• Secondary Vertical Lateral Stability Element
• Introduction to Horizontal Stability Systems - Diaphragms
• Horizontal stability systems 
• Inadequate shear capacity 
• Diaphragm examples
• Beam Analogy of Diaphragms 
• Load path 
• Rigid Diaphragms 
• Flexible Diaphragms 
• Semi-rigid Diaphragms
• 
  

Week 06 - Braced (sway) & Unbraced (non-sway) Frames

• Introduction to Braced (sway) & Unbraced (non-sway) Frames
• Non-sway frames
• Effective buckling length of non-sway frame
• Sway frame
• Effective buckling length of sway frame
• Effect of infill panels

Week 07 - Analysis of Structure

• Introduction
• Structural analysis
• Nonlinearity in structure
• Elastic analysis
• Plastic analysis
• Static linear analysis
• Status nonlinear analysis
• Second Order Effect

Week 08 - Braced Systems

• Introduction 
• Braced structures 
• Horizontal braced stability system 
• Braced bays location 
• Load path
• Wind suction 
• Advantages & Functions 
• Assumptions & Arrangements
• Geometry of braced  bays 
• Deflection behaviour & Analysis 
• Braced bay stiffness
• Modelling 
• Design of braced bays
• Braced bay foundation

Week 09 - Moment resisting frames and Shear Walls

• Introduction
• Moment Resisting Connection
• Behaviour of Moment Resisting Frames
• MRFs Failure Mechanism
• Lateral Deflections of MRF
• Types of Moment Resisting Frames
• Introduction
• Shear wall action
• Walls in structure
• Behaviour of shear wall
• Failure of shear wall
• Coupled behaviour
• Buckling modes

Week 10 - Shear Walls and Cores in Tall Buildings

• Introduction 
• Main design issues in high-rise structures 
• Actions on a high-rise structure 
• Tall industrial structures 
• Foundations of a high-rise structure 
• Gravity & lateral loads on high-rise structures 
• Pile foundation 
• High-rise lateral stability system 
• Design of high-rise structures
• Earthquake forces 
• Wind forces
• Introduction 
• Reinforced concrete cores
• Steel frame cores
• Outriggers
• Introduction to bracing 
• Types of bracing 
• Concentric bracing 
• Eccentric bracing 
• 3D space truss system 
• Diagrid structures

Week 11 - Tube and mega Frames in building and IS 800:2007 Lateral stability requirements

• Introduction to tubes
• Tube in tube system 
• Framed tubes system 
• Braced tubes (trussed tube) system 
• Bundled tubes system 
• Hybrid tubes system 
• Mega resisting frames
• Introduction 
• Classification of frames
• Non-sway frame classification
• Analysis of structure
• Effective buckling length factor

Week 12 - Computer modelling & analysis

• Introduction to Computer Modelling & Analysis
• Analysis Models 
• Finite Element Modelling
• Modelling of Diagonally Braced Frames 
• Rigid Floor Diaphragm 
• Shear Wall Modelling 
• Modelling of Moment Resisting Frames

Week 01 - Overview of Industrial structures

• Major types of Industries (Power, O&G, Steel, Pharmaceutical, FMCG, Manufacturing)
• Types of structures in each Industry based on their use.
• Stages of project execution: Proposal, Basic Engineering, and Detail Engineering.
• Different types of engineering disciplines involved in an industrial project.
• Their role and responsibility

Week 02 - Structural Engineers in Industrial projects

• Brief Introduction on Various Industrial Standards (IS, BS, AISC, ACI, PIP, API).
• Different types of materials of construction.
• How the materials are named/defined.
• Different types of Loads in Industrial Structures (Dead, live, wind, seismic, anchor, friction, dynamic loads, and temperature).
• Concept of developing General Arrangement Drawings.
• Concept of developing Detail Drawings.
• Purpose of Fabrication drawings.
• Purpose of Bar Bending Schedule.
• A brief idea of Design Basis, Design Criteria, Vendor documents, Prebid activities, etc.

Week 03 - Process Buildings

• Brief introduction about process buildings.
• Typical size of a process building.
• Various types of Buildings (Multi Storied, clad/Unclad, Warehouse type, etc.).
• The concept behind the selection of Material of construction.
• Types of loads in Process Building.
• Concept of Structural arrangement to handle various loads.
• The design concept of various components (Monorails, Purlins, Girts, etc).
• Role and responsibility of various disciplines (Electrical, Mechanical, Instrumentation, etc.).
• Constructability

Week 04 - Pipe Racks

• A brief introduction to pipe racks.
• Typical pipe rack dimensions.
• Structural Arrangement of the Pipe Rack.
• The concept behind the selection of materials for construction.
• Types of loads on a Pipe rack.
• The concept of structural arrangement to handle various loads.
• The design concept of various components.
• Role and responsibility of various disciplines (Electrical, Mechanical, Instrumentation, etc.).
• Constructability
• 3D model reviews (30% review, 60% review, and 90% review).

Week 05 - Junction Towers

• A brief introduction to junction towers.
• Typical size of a junction tower.
• Types of loads on a junction tower.
• Basic design criteria for a junction tower.
• The concept of structural arrangement to handle various loads.
• The design concept of various components.
• Roles and responsibilities of various disciplines (electrical, mechanical, instrumentation, etc.).
• Constructability

Week 06 - Conveyor Gallery & Trestles

• A Brief Introduction to Conveyor Galleries.
• A conveyor gallery of a typical size.
• Various types of truss systems;
• The concept behind the selection of materials for construction.
• types of loads on the conveyor gallery. 
• Load transfer mechanism in a conveyor, as well as trespasses.
• The design concept of various components.
• Roles and responsibilities of various disciplines (electrical, mechanical, instrumentation, etc.).
• Constructability

Week 07 - Concrete silo

• A brief introduction to silos.
• The average size of various silos.
• The concept behind the selection of materials for construction.
• Types of loads in a silo (while loading, unloading, etc.) 
• The concept of structural arrangement to handle various loads.
• The design concept of various components.
• Roles and responsibilities of various disciplines(electrical, mechanical, instrumentation, etc.).
• Constructability

Week 08 - Machine Foundation

• A brief introduction to machine foundations.
• Basic design criteria of a machine foundation.
• Various types of machine foundations.
• Types of loads on a machine foundation.
• The concept of structural arrangement to handle various loads.
• The design concept of various components.
• Roles and responsibilities of various disciplines(electrical, mechanical, instrumentation, etc.).
• Constructability

Week 09 - Turbine Buildings

• A brief introduction to turbine buildings.
• The typical size of a turbine building to house a steam turbine, gas turbine, etc.
• The concept behind the selection of materials for construction.
• Types of loads in a turbine building. 
• Design criteria for crane girders and surge girders.
• Concept of structural arrangement to handle various loads.
• The design concept of various components (base plate, etc.).
• Roles and responsibilities of various disciplines (electrical, mechanical, instrumentation, etc.).
• Constructability

Week 10 - Control Buildings

• A brief introduction to control buildings.
• Typical size of a control building.
• The concept behind the selection of materials for construction.
• Types of loads in a control building.
• The concept of structural arrangement to handle various loads.
• The design concept of various components.
• Roles and responsibilities of various disciplines (electrical, mechanical, instrumentation, etc.).
• RCC building constructability

Week 11 - Tank Foundations

• A brief introduction to tanks in O&G.
• A tank's typical size.
• The concept behind the selection of foundations.
• Load types in tank foundation.
• The concept of structural arrangement to handle various loads.
• The design concept of various components.
• Constructability

Week 12- Modular Structures

• A brief introduction to modular structures.
• Types of modular structures.
• Typical size of a modular structure.
• Basic design criteria for modular structures.
• The concept behind the selection of materials for construction.
• Types of loads in modular structures.
• The concept of structural arrangement to handle various loads.
• The design concept of various components.
• Constructability
• A brief description of
  • SPMT analysis
  • Barge analysis
  • Lifting analysis