Question : Read the following information carefully and answer the given questions.
Big dams received a big push from politicians and bureaucracy pouring enormous amounts of borrowed money in the early years of Independence. There has however been hardly any attempt at questioning the extent of damage caused or in evaluating whether the promises of food, water and prosperity for all have actually been realised. The diversion of rivers and construction of a long system of canals in a densely populated country like India will involve displacement of people on a colossal scale and the people affected are never likely to agree with such measures. All over the world, community reaction is to prevent construction of large dams. Preserving rivers in free-flow condition is considered ecologically necessary and the construction of large dams is now legally prohibited in Sweden and also in parts of USA. The technical challenges to be faced in redrawing the geography of the country are many and full of dangerous consequences and the mad rush in pursuit of such a chimera will prove disastrous. The cost of the project is so stupendous that any water made available will cost so much that governments will have to be forever subsidizing farmers. What long-term impact this massive borrowing will have on the economy is difficult to foresee.
Question:
Mark the statement which is false regarding the water which is made available through the dam?
Option 1: Water generated is primarily used in washing.
Option 2: Due to the high cost of the water from the dams goverment offers subsidy to the farmers.
Option 3: Water is used mainly for the irrigation purpose.
Option 4: High cost is involved in the water generated through the dams.
Correct Answer: Water generated is primarily used in washing.
Solution : The correct answer is option 1.
Water generated is primarily used in washing.
Explanation:
Let's look at the following passage lines:
-- There has however been hardly any attempt at questioning the extent of damage caused or in evaluating whether the promises of food, water and prosperity for all have actually been realised.
- The cost of the project is so stupendous that any water made available will cost so much that governments will have to be forever subsidizing farmers.
- What long-term impact this massive borrowing will have on the economy is difficult to foresee.
- First option is false as the passage does not state that water will be used only for washing.
- Second option is correct because the cost of water made available through dams is high and the government must constantly subsidise farmers.
- Third option is correct because the passage mentions promises of food, water, and prosperity, implying that the water will be used primarily in agriculture.
- Fourth option is correct because, as stated in the passage, the cost of dam construction is high.
Question : Fill in the blanks-
Construction of school is a ________ expenditure.
Option 1: Revenue
Option 2: Capital
Option 3: Both A and B
Option 4: Neither A nor B.
Correct Answer: Capital
Solution : Construction of school is a capital expenditure as it creates government assets.
Hence Option B is correct.
Question : Case Study: GHI Construction Company
GHI Construction Company is a well-known firm in the construction industry. They have been using traditional construction techniques but are now planning to adopt sustainable methods.
Question:
The importance of planning for GHI Construction Company lies in:
Option 1: Enhancing employee autonomy
Option 2: Limiting financial resources
Option 3: Facilitating decision-making process
Option 4: Ignoring external opportunities
Correct Answer: Facilitating decision-making process
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Facilitating decision-making process
Effective planning provides a structured approach to making decisions. In the context of GHI Construction Company adopting sustainable methods, planning will help in outlining clear objectives, strategies, and resource allocations. It ensures that decisions related to the adoption of sustainable construction techniques are well-thought-out and aligned with the company's overall goals.
Question : Due to COVID-19, government of India allocated INR 700 crores for the construction of health infrastructure in the states of Karnataka, Orissa and Bihar. Which objective of Government Budget is highlighted in the case above?
Option 1: Reallocation of resources
Option 2: Balanced regional development
Option 3: Management of public enterprises
Option 4: Economic stability
Correct Answer: Balanced regional development
Solution : The correct answer is (b) Balanced regional development.
In the given case, the allocation of INR 700 crores for the construction of health infrastructure in the states of Karnataka, Orissa, and Bihar indicates the objective of balanced regional development in the government budget.
Balanced regional development aims to promote equitable development across different regions or states within a country. It involves allocating resources and investments to address regional disparities and ensure that all regions have access to necessary infrastructure, services, and opportunities for development.
By allocating funds specifically for the construction of health infrastructure in these states, the government is addressing the healthcare needs of these regions and promoting balanced development across different parts of the country.
Question : Comprehension:
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Key factors influencing subway air pollution will include station depth, date of construction, type of ventilation (natural/air conditioning), types of brakes (electromagnetic or conventional brake pads) and wheels (rubber or steel) used on the trains, train frequency and more recently the presence or absence of platform screen-door systems. In particular, much subway particulate matter is sourced from moving train parts such as wheels and brake pads, as well as from the steel rails and power-supply materials, making the particles dominantly iron-containing. To date, there is no clear epidemiological indication of abnormal health effects on underground workers and commuters. New York subway workers have been exposed to such air without significant observed impacts on their health, and no increased risk of lung cancer was found among subway train drivers in the Stockholm subway system. But a note of caution is struck by the observations of scholars who found that employees working on the platforms of Stockholm underground, where PM concentrations were greatest, tended to have higher levels of risk markers for cardiovascular disease than ticket sellers and train drivers. The dominantly ferrous particles are mixed with particles from a range of other sources, including rock ballast from the track, biological aerosols such as bacteria and viruses, and air from the outdoors, and driven through the tunnel system on turbulent air currents generated by the trains themselves and ventilation systems.
Question
Inferring from the passage, what is the most practical way of reducing the health risk of subway life?
Option 1: Wearing face masks during journey
Option 2: Opting for other transportation modes
Option 3: Reducing subway commutation
Option 4: Generating ventilation systems
Correct Answer: Generating ventilation systems
Solution : The correct option is the fourth option.
Explanation:
The passage highlights various factors contributing to subway air pollution, including the sources of particulate matter and their impact on health.
Improving ventilation systems within the subway can help mitigate the health risks associated with poor air quality. Effective ventilation can aid in dispersing and filtering out the particulate matter and other pollutants present in the subway air, reducing the exposure and potential health impacts on workers and commuters.
Therefore, the correct answer is, generating ventilation systems.
Question : Case Study: GHI Construction Company
GHI Construction Company is a well-known firm in the construction industry. They have been using traditional construction techniques but are now planning to adopt sustainable methods.
The importance of planning for GHI Construction Company lies in:
Option 1: Enhancing employee autonomy
Option 2: Limiting financial resources
Option 3: Facilitating decision-making process
Option 4: Ignoring external opportunities
Correct Answer: Facilitating decision-making process
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Facilitating the decision-making process
Planning is crucial for facilitating the decision-making process for several reasons. Planning helps GHI Construction Company set a strategic direction for adopting sustainable construction methods. It involves defining goals, objectives, and the steps needed to transition from traditional to sustainable practices. Through planning, the company can identify the resources required for the adoption of sustainable methods. This includes financial resources, materials, training, and other inputs necessary for a successful transition.
Planning allows GHI Construction Company to anticipate potential challenges and risks associated with the adoption of sustainable methods. By identifying these challenges in advance, the company can develop strategies to mitigate risks and ensure a smoother transition.
Question : The displacement of people due to the construction of which dam led to a significant Development-Affected People's Movement in India?
Option 1: Tehri Dam
Option 2: Bhakra Nangal Dam
Option 3: Sardar Sarovar Dam
Option 4: Hirakud Dam
Correct Answer: Sardar Sarovar Dam
Solution : The displacement of people due to the construction of the Sardar Sarovar Dam on the Narmada River led to a significant Development-Affected People's Movement, known as the Narmada Bachao Andolan.
Question : Case Study: GHI Construction Company
GHI Construction Company is a well-known firm in the construction industry. They have been using traditional construction techniques but are now planning to adopt sustainable methods.
Question:
In the planning process for adopting sustainable methods, what should GHI Construction Company do after developing premises?
Option 1: Identifying various courses of action
Option 2: Evaluating alternative courses of action
Option 3: Setting objectives and goals
Option 4: Allocating resources
Correct Answer: Identifying various courses of action
Solution : The correct answer is (a). Identifying various courses of action
Developing premises provides a foundation for understanding the context and key considerations, and the identification of various courses of action follows as the next step in exploring different strategies or approaches.
Question : There are certain words missing in the passage given below. The options given contain an answer that will fit in those given blanks. Choose the correct word to be used to make the sentence coherent and grammatically correct.
In 1899 in Wyoming a fossilised skeleton was discovered from which Dippy was cast. It was 1)_____________ by one of the Scottish-American industrialist Andrew Carnegie for the still under construction Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh, where it still stands .As per the Carnegie Museum website , “Museum director William J Holland organised the 2)________________ to the American west in 1899. After three months of rigrous search, one of the team member discovered a huge toe bone at Sheep’s Creek Wyoming. With further digging led to a huge, long neck dinosaur which was later identified as a sauropod.The news was spread quickly, and before he was even excavated, Dippy was a celebrity. Visitors thronged to the site in Wyoming, which was later dubbed “Camp Carnegie.” After the 3)________________ collection of Dippy’s bones, it was packed in the boxes and the bones were sent back to Pittsburgh in 130 crates.”
Dippy is considered to be one of the most famous single dinosaur skeleton in the world, Dippy has been a subject of several children’s books apart from a book 4)_______________ to the dinosaur, Dippy: The Tale of a Museum Icon. There are various products which celebrates the dinosaur — from mugs to T-shirts, caps to soft toys and also an ice flavour. Dippy has also 5)________________ in many films such as Paddington, Night at the Museum 3 and One of Our Dinosaurs is Missing.
Choose the correct word to be used in blank 2.
Option 1: dichotomy
Option 2: expedition
Option 3: nonplus
Option 4: dishevelled
Correct Answer: expedition
Solution : The correct answer is expedition.
As per the Carnegie Museum website , “Museum director William J Holland organised the expedition to the American west in 1899.
Explanation:
Expedition is the only word that will fit the blank and make the sentence coherent.
It refers to a journey undertaken by a group of people for a specific purpose, such as exploration, research, or warfare.
Meaning of the rest of the words
Dichotomy — a difference between two opposite things.
Nonplus- a state of being surprised and perplexed.
Dishevelled- (of a person's hair, clothes, or appearance) untidy; disordered
Question : Read the following group of sentences. The 1st and the last sentences are numbered 1 and 6, the rest are numbered P,Q,R,S. Arrange these four sentences in proper order to form a meaningful paragraph/sentence.
1.Deforestation is the purposeful
P.and animal grazing, and
Q. forests have been razed to make space for agriculture
R Throughout history and into modern times,
S clearing of forested land.
6,to obtain wood for fuel, manufacturing, and construction.
Option 1: SRQP
Option 2: QRSP
Option 3: RSPQ
Option 4: PQRS
Correct Answer: SRQP
Solution : The correct answer is option 1.
Explanation:
Deforestation is the purposeful clearing of forested land. Throughout history and into modern times, forests have been razed to make space for agriculture and animal grazing, and to obtain wood for fuel, manufacturing, and construction.