Question : What can the study of class dynamics in social history reveal about ancient societies?
Option 1: Technological innovations
Option 2: Political power struggles
Option 3: Social inequalities and economic distribution
Option 4: Religious beliefs and practices
Correct Answer: Social inequalities and economic distribution
Solution : The study of class dynamics in social history can reveal social inequalities and economic distribution in ancient societies, shedding light on the disparities between different social groups.
Question : In the study of social history, what does the analysis of class dynamics reveal?
Option 1: Technological progress
Option 2: Political power struggles
Option 3: Economic inequalities and resource distribution
Option 4: Religious beliefs and practices
Correct Answer: Economic inequalities and resource distribution
Solution : The analysis of class dynamics in social history reveals economic inequalities and resource distribution, highlighting the disparities between different social classes.
Question : Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable world. There (1)_____ progress over the last decades: More girls are going to school, fewer girls are forced into early marriage, more women are serving in parliament and positions of leadership, and laws are being reformed to (2)_____ gender equality. Despite these gains, many challenges remain: discriminatory laws and social norms remain (3)_____, women continue to be underrepresented at all levels of political leadership, and 1 in 5 women and girls between the ages of 15 and 49 report experiencing physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner within 12 months. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could reverse the limited progress that has been made on gender equality and women's rights. The coronavirus outbreak (4)_____ existing inequalities for women and girls across every sphere - from health and the economy to security and social protection. Women play a disproportionate role in responding to the virus, including as frontline healthcare workers and carers at home. Women's unpaid care work has increased significantly as a result of school closures and the increased needs of older people. Women are also harder hit by the economic (5)_____ of COVID-19, as they disproportionately work in insecure labour markets. Nearly 60 percent of women work in the informal economy, which puts them at greater risk of falling into poverty.
Question:
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank number 1.
Option 1: are
Option 2: has been
Option 3: is
Option 4: were
Correct Answer: has been
Solution : The correct choice is the second option.
The sentence talks about how progress has been ongoing for some decades, making the present perfect continuous tense the appropriate choice.
Therefore, the complete sentence is: "There has been progress over the last decades."
Question : Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable world. There (1)_____ progress over the last decades: More girls are going to school, fewer girls are forced into early marriage, more women are serving in parliament and positions of leadership, and laws are being reformed to (2)_____ gender equality. Despite these gains, many challenges remain: discriminatory laws and social norms remain (3)_____, women continue to be underrepresented at all levels of political leadership, and 1 in 5 women and girls between the ages of 15 and 49 report experiencing physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner within 12 months. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could reverse the limited progress that has been made on gender equality and women's rights. The coronavirus outbreak (4)_____ existing inequalities for women and girls across every sphere - from health and the economy to security and social protection. Women play a disproportionate role in responding to the virus, including as frontline healthcare workers and carers at home. Women's unpaid care work has increased significantly as a result of school closures and the increased needs of older people. Women are also harder hit by the economic (5)_____ of COVID-19, as they disproportionately work in insecure labour markets. Nearly 60 percent of women work in the informal economy, which puts them at greater risk of falling into poverty.
Question:
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank 2.
Option 1: impede
Option 2: hinder
Option 3: retract
Option 4: advance
Correct Answer: advance
Solution : The correct choice is the fourth option.
Advance means to make progress and is the appropriate choice for the blank. This helps convey the intended meaning that laws are being made to make progress towards gender equality.
Therefore, the correct answer is advance.
Question : Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world. There (1)_____ progress over the last decades: More girls are going to school, fewer girls are forced into early marriage, more women are serving in parliament and positions of leadership, and laws are being reformed to (2)_____ gender equality. Despite these gains, many challenges remain: discriminatory laws and social norms remain (3)_____, women continue to be underrepresented at all levels of political leadership, and 1 in 5 women and girls between the ages of 15 and 49 report experiencing physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner within a 12 -month period. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could reverse the limited progress that has been made on gender equality and women's rights. The coronavirus outbreak (4)_____ existing inequalities for women and girls across every sphere - from health and the economy to security and social protection. Women play a disproportionate role in responding to the virus, including as frontline healthcare workers and carers at home. Women's unpaid care work has increased significantly as a result of school closures and the increased needs of older people. Women are also harder hit by the economic (5)_____ of COVID-19, as they disproportionately work in insecure labour markets. Nearly 60 percent of women work in the informal economy, which puts them at greater risk of falling into poverty.
Question:
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank 4.
Option 1: placate
Option 2: exacerbates
Option 3: appease
Option 4: aid
Correct Answer: exacerbates
Solution : The correct choice is the second option.
Exacerbate means to make something worse that is already bad. This helps convey the intended meaning that the pandemic worsened the already existing inequalities for women and girls.
Therefore, the correct answer is exacerbates.
Question : Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable world. There (1)_____ progress over the last decades: More girls are going to school, fewer girls are forced into early marriage, more women are serving in parliament and positions of leadership, and laws are being reformed to (2)_____ gender equality. Despite these gains, many challenges remain: discriminatory laws and social norms remain (3)_____, women continue to be underrepresented at all levels of political leadership, and 1 in 5 women and girls between the ages of 15 and 49 report experiencing physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner within 12 months. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could reverse the limited progress that has been made on gender equality and women's rights. The coronavirus outbreak (4)_____ existing inequalities for women and girls across every sphere - from health and the economy to security and social protection. Women play a disproportionate role in responding to the virus, including as frontline healthcare workers and carers at home. Women's unpaid care work has increased significantly as a result of school closures and the increased needs of older people. Women are also harder hit by the economic (5)_____ of COVID-19, as they disproportionately work in insecure labor markets. Nearly 60 percent of women work in the informal economy, which puts them at greater risk of falling into poverty.
Question:
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank 3.
Option 1: rare
Option 2: limited
Option 3: pervasive
Option 4: narrow
Correct Answer: pervasive
Solution : The correct choice is the third option.
Pervasive refers to something prevalent. This helps convey the intended meaning that discriminatory laws and social norms are widespread.
Therefore, the correct answer is prevalent.
Question : The impact of land reforms on social inequality in India was:
Option 1: Completely eliminated caste-based disparities
Option 2: Reduced income inequalities in urban areas
Option 3: Moderately successful in redistributing land
Option 4: Increased the gap between rich and poor
Correct Answer: Moderately successful in redistributing land
Solution : Land reforms in India were moderately successful in redistributing land to some extent, which helped in reducing social inequality, though the impact was not uniform across the country.
Question : How did the Green Revolution affect the socio-economic structure of rural India?
Option 1: It reduced income inequalities among farmers.
Option 2: It led to the consolidation of landholdings.
Option 3: It decreased rural poverty levels.
Option 4: It promoted gender equality in agriculture.
Correct Answer: It led to the consolidation of landholdings.
Solution : The Green Revolution affected the socio-economic structure of rural India by leading to the consolidation of landholdings, as wealthier farmers who could afford the new technologies benefited more, while smaller farmers often fell behind.
Question : Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable world. There (1)_____ progress over the last decades: More girls are going to school, fewer girls are forced into early marriage, more women are serving in parliament and positions of leadership, and laws are being reformed to (2)_____ gender equality. Despite these gains, many challenges remain: discriminatory laws and social norms remain (3)_____, women continue to be underrepresented at all levels of political leadership, and 1 in 5 women and girls between the ages of 15 and 49 report experiencing physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner within 12 months. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could reverse the limited progress that has been made on gender equality and women's rights. The coronavirus outbreak (4)_____ existing inequalities for women and girls across every sphere - from health and the economy to security and social protection. Women play a disproportionate role in responding to the virus, including as frontline healthcare workers and carers at home. Women's unpaid care work has increased significantly as a result of school closures and the increased needs of older people. Women are also harder hit by the economic (5)_____ of COVID-19, as they disproportionately work in insecure labour markets. Nearly 60 percent of women work in the informal economy, which puts them at greater risk of falling into poverty.
Question:
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank 5.
Option 1: impacts
Option 2: frivolity
Option 3: impertinence
Option 4: paltriness
Correct Answer: impacts
Solution : The correct choice is the first option.
Impact is the correct choice, and it means to have a strong effect on something. This helps convey the intended meaning that the women also had an economic effect due to COVID-19.
Therefore, the correct answer is impacts.
Question : Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
A. No country has yet achieved the combination of very high human development with a light ecological footprint and the impacts of climate change and biodiversity loss are growing.
B. Compounded by a climate emergency, political polarisation and challenged multilateralism, continued conflicts, and forced displacement, the number of people living in poverty rose in 2020 for the first time since 1998 by an estimated 119-124 million and inequalities are growing, and the traditional social contract is no longer working for many.
C. The challenge of reaching Agenda 2030 was already significant, even before the COVID-19 pandemic hit.
D. Today’s development challenges are dynamic, interconnected puzzles of multidimensional risk that require systemic solutions and multilateral cooperation is vital in addressing these shared challenges that cross boundaries of geography and time.
Option 1: DBAC
Option 2: ABDC
Option 3: BCDA
Option 4: CBDA
Correct Answer: CBDA
Solution : The correct choice is the fourth option.
Explanation: The paragraph discusses the challenges of achieving Agenda 2030, noting pre-existing issues and compounding factors like climate emergencies and political polarisation (C and B). It emphasises the need for systemic solutions and multilateral cooperation in addressing global development challenges (D). The conclusion (A) underscores the current global scenario, highlighting the lack of any country achieving high human development with a light ecological footprint and emphasising the growing impacts of climate change and biodiversity loss.