Correct Answer: Coordinate activities within departments

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Coordinate activities within departments

Middle-level management plays a crucial role in coordinating and overseeing activities within specific departments or units of the organization. They are responsible for ensuring that the activities within their areas align with the overall strategies and goals set by top management. While they may play a role in the development and execution of plans and policies, their central role is to coordinate and manage the resources and efforts within their departments or units to achieve the organization's objectives.

Correct Answer: SEWA (Self-Employed Women's Association)  
 

Solution : SEWA (Self-Employed Women's Association) has been instrumental in advancing the Women's Movement in India through legal advocacy, research, and organizing women workers in the informal sector.

Correct Answer: Flexibility

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Flexibility

Flexibility in management principles refers to an organization's capacity to adjust and adapt to changing conditions, market trends, and customer demands. It involves being open to change and being agile in response to evolving circumstances. In this context, XYZ Tech Solutions' management team is demonstrating the ability to be flexible and responsive to the dynamic business environment.

Correct Answer: Oversee the day-to-day operations
    

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Oversee the day-to-day operations

Lower-level management, also known as first-line or front-line management, is primarily responsible for overseeing and managing the daily operations of the organization. They ensure that tasks and processes are carried out efficiently and according to established plans. While they play a role in executing plans and policies and may coordinate activities within their specific departments to some extent , their central focus is on the operational and day-to-day aspects of the organization. Developing long-term strategies and policies is generally the responsibility of top management.

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Correct Answer: Dynamic and adaptive

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Dynamic and adaptive

Management in modern organizations, especially in technology-focused companies like XYZ Tech Solutions, is dynamic and adaptive because it needs to respond to rapidly changing technological advancements, market trends, and customer demands. In such an environment, management must be flexible, innovative, and responsive to stay competitive and achieve success. Rigid or static management approaches would be less effective in this context. Autonomous and independent do not reflect the dynamic and collaborative nature of management in most organizations.

Correct Answer: Lower-level management

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Lower-level management

Lower-level management, also known as first-line or front-line management, is directly responsible for overseeing and ensuring the smooth execution of day-to-day operations. They supervise employees, manage tasks, and ensure that operational processes run efficiently. Top management focuses on strategic decisions and overall direction, while middle-level management often handles departmental coordination and specific project planning. Lower-level managers and supervisors are the ones who are closest to the operational activities of the organization.

Correct Answer: Organizing
 

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Organizing

Organizing is the management function that focuses on arranging and structuring the resources, tasks, and activities within the organization to ensure that goals and objectives are met efficiently and effectively. It involves coordinating the efforts of different departments or units, determining reporting structures, and establishing workflows and responsibilities to achieve organizational goals.

Correct Answer: Middle-level management

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Middle-level management.

Middle-level management is responsible for interpreting and implementing the plans and policies of top management. They act as a bridge between top management and lower-level management, ensuring that everyone is on the same page and working towards common goals. Top management is responsible for setting the overall direction of the organization and developing long-term plans. Lower-level management is responsible for supervising the work of employees and ensuring that tasks are completed efficiently.

Correct Answer: Support and promote new business ventures

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Support and promote new business ventures

The primary objective of the Startup India initiative is to support and promote new business ventures, particularly startups. It provides a range of benefits, incentives, and exemptions to encourage the growth and development of startups, fostering innovation and entrepreneurship in the country.