Correct Answer: Method analysis

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Method analysis

Method analysis, a technique in scientific management, involves analyzing and simplifying work processes to improve efficiency. It focuses on studying the various steps involved in a task or process to identify unnecessary or time-consuming actions. The aim is to optimize the sequence of steps, eliminate wasteful activities, and streamline the workflow to enhance productivity and efficiency. ABC Pharmaceuticals adopting method analysis aligns with their goal of improving efficiency by analyzing and optimizing their production processes.

Correct Answer: Both assertions and reasons are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertions and reasons are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion states that scientific management principles aim to increase efficiency through job specialization. This is true as one of the core principles of scientific management, advocated by Frederick Taylor, is breaking down tasks into smaller, specialized components to enhance efficiency and productivity.

The reason provided is that it allows employees to focus on specific tasks, leading to expertise. This is also true and directly aligns with the concept of job specialization in scientific management. When employees focus on specific, repetitive tasks, they have the opportunity to become experts at those tasks, which further enhances efficiency and overall productivity. Therefore, the reason correctly explains why the assertion is true.

Correct Answer: Measurable and specific goals

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Measurable and specific goals

Effective planning involves setting clear, measurable, and specific goals. This clarity in objectives allows for better decision-making, resource allocation, and performance evaluation. Measurable and specific goals provide a basis for tracking progress and ensuring that everyone within the educational institute understands what needs to be achieved.

Correct Answer: Initiative

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Initiative

Initiative in management principles encourages employees to take the initiative, be proactive, and seek opportunities for growth and development. It involves empowering employees to take on new responsibilities, learn and develop new skills, and contribute to the organization's success beyond their basic job requirements. This principle aligns with the idea of fostering a culture of continuous learning and improvement within the organization.

Correct Answer: footprint
 

Solution : The correct answer is footprint.

But just like any other activity, the larger the scale, the greater is its ecological footprint.

Explanation:

Only the word "footprint" will fill the gap and allow the sentence to make sense.
It refers to the region that something occupies or influences.

Meaning of the rest of the words

Binary- Something with two parts is said to be binary.

Nonplus- a state of being very surprised and confused.

Outrage- an extremely strong reaction of anger,shock.

Correct Answer: Functional structure

Solution : Functional structure describes the organisational structure of Roasted Coffee Corporation. By implementing functional structure, Roasted Coffee Corporation would also gain the following three benefits:
a) Occupational specialisation, when the focus is on particular functions.
b) Within a department, control and coordination are necessary due to the similarity of the duties being carried out.
c) Different tasks would receive the proper attention.
Hence, the correct option is 1.

Correct Answer: Both assertions and reasons are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertions and reasons are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion that scientific management principles aim to increase efficiency through job specialization is correct. Scientific management, as advocated by Frederick Taylor, indeed emphasizes breaking down tasks into specialized components to enhance efficiency and productivity.

The reason provided, stating that it allows employees to focus on specific tasks, leading to expertise, is also correct. Job specialization enables employees to concentrate on specific tasks, leading to expertise and proficiency in those tasks, which, in turn, contributes to increased efficiency.

Correct Answer: Better product quality and increased productivity

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Better product quality and increased productivity

Investing in training employees in the latest technologies and innovative techniques resulted in improved skills and knowledge among the workforce. This, in turn, led to better product quality and increased productivity. The training helped the company adapt to technological advancements, enhancing its competitiveness in the market.

Correct Answer: Fatigue Study

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Fatigue Study

Fatigue study involves the study of employee fatigue and determining the appropriate rest intervals to improve productivity. It aims to reduce employee fatigue and ensure optimal productivity by understanding the physical and mental strain experienced during tasks. This directly aligns with the scenario.

In summary, XYZ Engineering using fatigue study to understand the physical and mental strain experienced by employees during their tasks aligns with the technique of "Fatigue Study," which involves studying and addressing employee fatigue to enhance productivity and efficiency.

Correct Answer: Foster a positive work environment

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Foster a positive work environment.

Empathy and patience are important qualities for a supervisor to foster a positive work environment. Empathy allows the supervisor to understand and relate to the concerns and feelings of their team members, promoting a supportive and understanding atmosphere. Patience enables the supervisor to listen, address issues calmly, and work through challenges with the team, contributing to a positive and harmonious workplace. These qualities are essential for promoting a healthy and collaborative work environment, not conflicts or autocratic approaches.