Correct Answer: Statement 1 is true, and statement 2 is false.
  

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Statement 1 is true, and statement 2 is false.

Statement 1 is true. Equity shareholders have ownership rights in the company, and they possess voting power in company decisions. They can participate in voting on important matters affecting the company.

Statement 2 is false. Equity shareholders are eligible to receive dividends from the company. In fact, one of the benefits of owning equity shares is the potential to receive dividends when the company distributes profits to its shareholders.

Correct Answer: Ownership rights in decision-making
    

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Ownership rights in decision-making

Equity shares provide ownership rights to shareholders, giving them the ability to participate in the decision-making process of the company, such as voting on key issues and electing the board of directors. On the other hand, preference shares typically do not grant voting rights, and while they entitle shareholders to fixed dividend payments before equity shareholders, they don't carry the same level of decision-making influence.

Correct Answer: Ownership of shares
 

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Ownership of shares

During the settlement process, what is transferred from the seller to the buyer is ownership of shares. The seller transfers ownership of the shares to the buyer, and these shares are moved from the seller's demat account to the buyer's demat account, completing the transaction. Brokerage fees , dividends , and trading orders are not transferred from the seller to the buyer during the settlement process. Brokerage fees are fees paid to the broker, dividends are paid by the company to shareholders, and trading orders are instructions for buying or selling securities.

Correct Answer: By examining the shifts in land ownership patterns

Solution : Correct Option: Option 2
Explanation: Historians use Ain-i-Akbari to understand the impact of Akbar's administrative reforms on rural society by examining the shifts in land ownership patterns, which were a crucial aspect of his efforts to restructure agrarian relations.

Correct Answer: Self-actualization needs
 

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Self-actualization needs.

Self-actualization needs, according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, are at the top of the pyramid and involve fulfilling an individual's desire to achieve their full potential, pursue personal growth, and attain self-fulfillment. By seeking input and encouraging ownership, the supervisor is empowering employees to take control of their work and contribute their best efforts, aligning with the self-actualization level of needs. This approach supports personal and professional growth and enables individuals to fulfill their potential within the workplace.

Correct Answer: Ownership in the company
 

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Ownership in the company

Equity shares represent ownership in a company and entitle shareholders to a portion of the company's profits, distributed in the form of dividends. Unlike debt instruments, such as bonds, equity shares do not come with fixed dividend payments, guaranteed redemption, or specific fixed interest rates. Additionally, equity shareholders typically have voting rights, allowing them to participate in important decisions and the governance of the company.

Correct Answer: Electronic records

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Electronic records

In dematerialization, physical share certificates are replaced by electronic records. Dematerialization involves converting physical share certificates, which are paper-based, into an electronic format. The ownership and details of the shares are recorded electronically, and these electronic records are stored in a dematerialized or demat account. This process eliminates the need for physical share certificates and instead relies on digital records to represent ownership of shares.

Correct Answer: Transferring ownership and funds

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Transferring ownership and funds

The settlement process, after LMN Corporation executes trades on the stock exchange, involves transferring ownership and funds. In this phase, the actual transfer of securities (ownership) and funds (money) occurs between the buyer and the seller. The securities are moved from the seller's demat account to the buyer's demat account, and the funds are transferred from the buyer to the seller.

Correct Answer: Debentures pay fixed dividends
    

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Debentures pay fixed interest

This statement is correct. Debentures pay fixed interest to debenture holders, not dividends. The interest rate is predetermined and agreed upon at the time of issuing the debentures. Debentures are considered to be a safer investment than equity shares, as debenture holders have a higher claim on the company's assets in the event of liquidation. However, this also means that debenture holders earn a lower return than equity shareholders.

Correct Answer: Ownership without dilution
 

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Ownership without dilution

Equity shares represent ownership in the company, allowing shareholders to have a stake in the business without the obligation of fixed dividend payments. By issuing equity shares, UVW Industries can raise capital and fund its operations without taking on debt. Additionally, it does not have the obligation to make fixed interest or dividend payments, providing greater financial flexibility. However, it's important to note that issuing equity shares may dilute the ownership stake of existing shareholders, but it does not involve a fixed payment obligation as with debt instruments like debentures.