Correct Answer: Mergers and acquisitions

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Mergers and acquisitions

Expanding global operations through acquisitions is related to mergers and acquisitions (M&A). M&A involve the process of combining two or more companies through various financial transactions, such as acquisitions, mergers, consolidations, or purchases of assets, with the aim of achieving strategic goals like expanding into new markets, enhancing competitiveness, or achieving operational synergies. In this case, DEF Ltd.'s objective of global expansion aligns with the concept of mergers and acquisitions.

Correct Answer: Assertion is true, but the reason is false.

Solution : The correct answer is  (c) Assertion is true, but the reason is false.

The assertion is true. Businesses face uncertainties and risks regularly, such as market fluctuations, economic changes, competition, and other variables. Business finance is needed to mitigate and manage these risks effectively.

The reason is false. Financial planning does not eliminate all forms of business risk and uncertainties. While financial planning helps in managing and mitigating risks by providing a structured approach to financial management, it cannot completely eliminate the inherent risks and uncertainties associated with business activities. Risk management is a part of financial planning, but it doesn't eradicate risks altogether.

Correct Answer: A fixed dividend before equity shareholders

Solution : The correct answer is (c) A fixed dividend before equity shareholders

Preference shareholders are entitled to receive a fixed dividend at a predetermined rate before any dividend is paid to equity shareholders. This characteristic distinguishes them from equity shareholders, who may receive variable dividends based on the company's profitability and decisions made by the board of directors. However, preference shareholders typically do not have voting rights in the company's decisions, and their shares usually cannot be converted into debentures.

Correct Answer: Planning is futuristic

Solution : Planning always means looking ahead or planning is a futuristic function. Planning is never done for the past. All the manager try to make prediction and assumption for future.
In the above case, Sales forecasting is the basis on which a business firm prepares its annual plan for production and sales. Planning is futuristic or forward looking feature is highlighted.
Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: Setting organizational goals and strategies

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Setting organizational goals and strategies

Planning involves defining the organization's goals and objectives, and determining the strategies and actions necessary to achieve them. In the context of a retail business like ABC Retailers, this would include setting goals related to providing a wide range of trendy clothing options and outstanding customer service, and then creating strategies to realize those goals. 

Correct Answer: Achieving long-term sustainability goals
  

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Achieving long-term sustainability goals

Financial planning with a focus on sustainability aims to ensure that UVW Industries can allocate financial resources strategically to achieve their long-term sustainability objectives. This involves budgeting, forecasting, and managing funds in a way that supports sustainable practices, eco-friendly projects, and initiatives that contribute to the company's environmental and social responsibility goals. While financial planning does involve managing operational expenses and meeting financial obligations, the overarching objective in this context is to promote sustainability and responsible business practices for the long-term benefit of the company and the environment.

Correct Answer: Management 

Solution : Management consists of a  series of interrelated functions that are performed by all managers.

Hence, Option C is correct.

Correct Answer: Measurable and specific goals

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Measurable and specific goals

Effective planning involves setting clear, measurable, and specific goals. Measurable and specific goals provide a clear direction for the organization, facilitate decision-making, and allow for objective assessment of progress. In the context of improving production processes, having specific and measurable goals will help XYZ Manufacturing Company track success and ensure alignment with the overall organizational objectives.

Correct Answer: Measurable and specific goals

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Measurable and specific goals

Effective planning involves setting clear, measurable, and specific goals. This clarity helps in providing direction, facilitating the allocation of resources, and enabling the assessment of progress. Ambiguous and vague objectives can lead to confusion and make it difficult to determine whether the goals have been achieved. Lack of alignment with organizational goals can result in efforts being directed away from the overall mission and vision of the organization. Additionally, effective planning often includes flexibility in decision-making to adapt to changing circumstances and unforeseen challenges. However, the emphasis on measurable and specific goals is crucial for successful planning and implementation.

Correct Answer: Instruments for raising funds in foreign markets

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Instruments for raising funds in foreign markets

GDRs and ADRs are financial instruments that represent shares of a foreign company and are traded on international stock exchanges. They allow companies like XYZ Ltd. to raise funds from investors in foreign markets without directly listing their shares on those markets. GDRs are typically issued outside the United States, while ADRs are issued in the United States. Both GDRs and ADRs facilitate access to a broader base of international investors and provide a way to raise capital by issuing shares to investors in different parts of the world.