Correct Answer: effort

Solution : The correct choice is the second option.

Using the term effort suggests a conscious and dedicated endeavour on the part of the companies to establish a presence and communicate within the communities they operate in.

The meanings of the other options are as follows:

• An establishment is a place, organisation, or institution that has been founded and is typically involved in a specific activity, business, or service.

• An excuse is a reason or explanation offered to justify or pardon one's actions.

• An aisle is a passage between rows of seats in a building such as a theatre, church, or auditorium

Therefore, the complete sentence is: "All the companies make an effort to be seen and heard within communities."

Correct Answer: a, d, b, c

Solution : Given:
a. Centi b. Deca c. Kilo d. Deci

The arrangement of all the unit prefixes in increasing order is as follows –
Here all the words are unit prefixes of International Systems of Units (SI). According to the quantities, Centi comes first as Centi denote 10^-2 then Deci as Deci denote 10^-1, after that Deca denote 10 and at last Kilo denote 1000.
So, Centi→Deci→Deca→Kilo

The order is a, d, b, c. Hence, the third option is correct.

Correct Answer: Rs. 56,250

Solution : Given: A man sold an item for Rs. 33,750 and incurred a loss of 25%.
Here the selling price (SP) = Rs. 33,750
Loss percentage = 25%
So, the cost price (CP) = SP × $\frac{100}{100-\text{loss percentage}}$
= 33750 × $\frac{100}{100-25}$
= 33750 × $\frac{100}{75}$
= Rs. 45,000
Now to have a profit of 25%
SP = CP × $\frac{100+\text{profit percentage}}{100}$
= 45000 × $\frac{100+25}{100}$
= 45000 × $\frac{125}{100}$
= Rs. 56,250
Hence, the correct answer is Rs. 56,250.

Correct Answer: Coniferous forests

Solution : The correct answer is Coniferous forests.

According to the latitudinal extent, hilly areas are divided into Tundra and Taiga. Tundra is a snow-covered region that extends from 65 degrees to 90 degrees latitude, while taiga is a coniferous forest that is commonly found between 55 degrees to 65 degrees latitude. Examples of conifers are pine, fir, spruce, etc. Coniferous trees are rich in resin.

Correct Answer: 87

Solution : Given:
GANT is coded as 126, and PROM is coded as 186. 

Add the positional value of the alphabet of the given word and then multiply the resultant by 3.
GANT→7 + 1 + 14 + 20 = 42; 42 × 3 = 126
PROM→16 + 18 + 15 + 13 = 62; 62 × 3 = 186
Similarly, GAIL→7 + 1 + 9 + 12 = 29; 29 × 3 = 87

So, GAIL is coded as 87. Hence, the fourth option is correct.

Correct Answer: Maharashtra

Solution : The correct option is Maharashtra.

The extremely difficult economic circumstances that peasants faced were made worse in 1867 when the British colonial authority imposed a substantial 50% increase in land revenue. The Deccan Riots of 1875 were sparked by the increasing hardship of the rural population in Maharashtra caused by this increase in land revenue.

Correct Answer: INR 28500

Solution : Sum, $P$ = INR 12000
Simple interest, SI = INR 12000
Term, $n$ = 2 years
Let $R$ be the interest rate.
Simple interest = $\frac{\text{Principal × term × Rate}}{100}$
⇒ $12000 = \frac{12000 × 2 × R}{100}$
⇒ $R = \frac{100}{2} = 50$%
Term, $n$ = 3 years
When compounded annually,
Compound interest
= $P(1+\frac{R}{100})^n - P$
= $12000(1+\frac{50}{100})^3 - 12000$
= $12000(1+\frac{1}{2})^3 - 12000$
= $12000(\frac{3}{2})^3 - 12000$
= $12000(\frac{27}{8} - 1)$
= $12000×\frac{19}{8}$
= $28500$
Hence, the correct answer is INR 28500.

Correct Answer: INR 1576.25

Solution : Rate, $R$ = 10%
Term, $n$ = 1 year
Principal sum, $P$ = INR 10000
When compounded half-yearly,
Amount = $P(1+\frac{R}{200})^{2n}$
Compound interest = $P(1+\frac{R}{200})^{2n}-P$
= $10000(1+\frac{10}{200})^{2×1.5}-10000$
= $10000(1+\frac{1}{20})^{3}-10000$
= $10000(\frac{21}{20})^{3}-10000$
= $10000(\frac{21^3}{20^3}-1)$
= $10000(\frac{21^3-20^3}{8000})$
= $\frac{10000×(441+400+420)×1}{8000}$
= $\frac{12610}{8}$
= INR $1576.25$
Hence, the correct answer is INR 1576.25.

Correct Answer: Women's hockey.

Solution : The correct answer is women's hockey.

India did not take home any medals from the women's hockey competitions at the 2020 Summer Olympics. India secured medals in events like weightlifting, wrestling, badminton and athletics. Notable achievements included Mirabai Chanu winning silver in weightlifting and Neeraj Chopra clinching gold in javelin throw.

Correct Answer: 40

Solution : Given,
The mixture of alcohol and water = 80 litres
Initial alcohol concentration = 60%
Amount of alcohol in 80 litres of mixture = 60% of 80
= $\frac{60}{100}\times80$ = 48 litres
Also, 40 percent alcohol in the new mixture after the addition of X litres of water.
So, according to the question,
48 = $\frac{40}{100}$ × (80 + X)
⇒ 48 = $\frac{2}{5}$ (80 + X)
⇒ 240 = 2(80 + X)
⇒ 240 = 160 + 2X
⇒ 2X = 80
⇒ X = 40
Hence, the correct answer is 40.