LASER Full Form
What is the full form of LASER?
The full form of LASER is Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. LASER was introduced by Dr Theoder H Maiman on 16 May 1960 at Hughes research lab. A LASER can be defined as monochromatic radiation that is both coherent and directed. The foundations for this were the theoretical work done by Charles Hard Towens and Arthur Leonard Schawlow on MASER(microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation).
1) Principle of Laser
The four basic principles based on which LASERs work are as follows:
A. Absorption: Electrons in different energy states absorb and emit photons which will result in a change in their energy levels.
B. Spontaneous emission: It is defined as the spontaneous decay of atoms from a high-energy to lower energy by emitting energy in the form of photons.
C. Pumping and population inversion: The process of increasing the population of electrons in higher energy levels than that in lower energy levels is called population inversion. The method by which this is obtained is called pumping.
D. Stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation: stimulated emission set off a chain reaction in which radiation from one atom sequentially stimulates another until all excited atoms return to normal.
2) Working of Laser
A LASER consists of a LASER medium, an energy source, two mirrors one of which is partially transmissive and a pump. The LASER medium consists of particles in a basic state. The pump provides energy to these particles and they rise to a high-energy state, when these high-energy particles go back to their normal state they release photons. Now if this photon hits another excited particle(particle in a high energy state) it forces it back to its normal state releasing another photon which is called stimulated emission. The mirror reflects the photon thus forming a direction of the beam which leaves through a partially transmissive mirror.
3) Types of Lasers
Lasers are of different types. They are :
A.Based on the LASER medium:
Solid state LASER
Gas LASER
Dye LASER
Semiconductor LASER
Fibre LASER
B.Based on the operating style:
Continuous wave LASER
Pulsed LASER
C.Based on pumping and LASER levels:
4- level LASER
3- level LASER
4) Applications of Laser
LASER is an important milestone in the field of technology and has many applications.
It is used in hologram imaging technology.
It is used in LASER eye surgery and LASER hair removal.
It is used in spectroscopy to analyse the molecular structure and behaviour of chemical reactions.
It is used in surface engraving, drilling, cutting, marking and other methods of processing materials.
It is used in barcode readers.
It is used in information processing for devices like Blu-ray and DVDs.
It is used to determine how far an object is from the LASER source.
Other Related Full Forms -
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Rhodium 6G, fluorscein, and coumarin.
A solid-state laser whose medium is ruby is known as a ruby LASER.
Improper direct contact of LASER with skin can have a wide range of impacts from mild burns to irreversible injury. The intensity of burns will depend on the wavelength of the LASER beam.
Matter(solids) have the capability to stop LASERs.
Yes, LASERs can cut through glass and can be used to make different-shaped glasses.