The full form of NTCA is National Tiger Conservation Authority. Destruction caused by humans to the earth, such as "climate change," has led to a negative impact on wildlife. To protect against this impact on Tigers, in December 2005, "National Tiger Conservation Authority" was established. It comes under the wildlife protection Act of 1972.
A total of 19 states in India have Tigers and are provided with assistance to protect tigers in their respective states.
Below are the names of some states given, that have a high tiger population,
Madhya Pradesh | Karnataka | Uttarakhand | Maharashtra |
Tamil Nadu | Assam | Kerala | Uttar Pradesh |
West Bengal | Rajasthan |
In this article we will first learn about the NTCA and its full form, also about “Project Tiger,” and works done by NTCA.
NTCA stands for “National Tiger Conservation Authority.” It is a statutory body that was formed under the Ministry of Environment, Forests, and Climate Change. The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 was amended to provide a constitution to the National Tiger Conservation Authority, from 2006 onwards. It was decided that the Minister in charge of the Ministry of Environment and Forest will be the chairperson of NTCA. It provides statutory authority to Project Tiger, as its main motive.
On 1st April 1973, ‘Project Tiger’ was officially launched by the Government of India, to protect its national animal, Tiger. It is a central government-sponsored scheme initiated by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, at Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand. Its objectives include: To protect and conserve life of tigers, by enabling impactful measures, and creating a suitable environment. Technical guidance and funding were also provided by NTCA. Having legal guidance helped in making the project stronger and enforcing the task force, rigorous research in wildlife was also carried on to monitor the changes in the habitat of tigers.
There are a total of eight conservation units established till now under the “Project Tiger”, which are listed below:
Sundarbans Conservation Unit | Western Ghats Conservation Unit | Eastern Ghats Conservation Unit | Central India Conservation Unit |
Northeast Conservation Unit | Shivalik-Terai Conservation Unit | Sariska Conservation Unit | Kaziranga Conservation Unit |
Chairperson: Minister in charge of the Ministry of Environment and Forests. The current chairman is Shri Bhupender Yadav.
Vice-Chairperson: the Minister of State in the Ministry of Environment and Forests. The present Vice-Chairman is Shri Ashwini Kumar Choubey.
Parliament: three members
Secretary
Ministry of Environment and Forests
Other members
Monitoring and assessing Tigers by using the latest scientific methods. Among one of them is India’s national tiger assessment which is one of the largest biodiversity surveys. In 2018 and 2019 the fourth cycle of the assessment was taken. It also supports the development of the latest technologies that could be used. For example, automated segregation of cameras and Program ExtractCompare.
NTCA management systems work to ensure that all the projects are working correctly. This was to enable effectiveness in the Project.
An online monitoring system MSTrIPES was developed to monitor tigers as well as the environment, by using the latest technologies. It has three modules: Patrol module, Ecological module, and Conflict module.
It provides funds to “project tiger,”
A Special Tiger Protection Force was established on seeing the seriousness of the issue on 29th February 2008, by the Finance Minister.
Father of “Project Tiger” was an Indian biologist and conservationist, Kailash Sankhala
Madhya Pradesh is said to have the most number of tigers with an estimated value of 526
Around 5000 tigers are believed to be saved by Project Tiger.
In 2004 Sariska announced that all of its tiger population had disappeared and poachers were mentioned as the main cause of this. Then, In 2008, 2 tigers were reintroduced in Sariska, afterwards, they grew to the number of 20 tigers in 12 years by 2020.
Tigers were reintroduced by the National Tiger Conservation Authority in 2008.