The X-RAY Crystallography certification course is based on fundamental aspects of X-Ray studies, mainly focused on the principles on which the whole system is based on. The candidate who will enrol on this course will get a chance to learn about the theoretical aspects and the same applicability in practical terms. The X-RAY Crystallography certifications will be awarded to the students after the whole curriculum along with the assessments.
The X-RAY Crystallography training will bring one-by-one fundamentals on which system and machine work and help the students to grab it easier through hand-in-hand practicals, the duration of complete training would be complete sixteen-weeks within which successfully enrolled candidates need to complete all the assessments which will be marked for evaluation and only after that candidate will receive the certification in the last of the completion of the programme.
The training will be given to the students on a daily or weekly basis, it’s up to the students to choose with them whatever time interval they will be comfortable with it. To enrol for the X-RAY Crystallography programme, the candidate needs to make online registration for the course on the Swayam platform and later have to add on the courses.
As a consequence, enrolling in X-RAY Crystallography by Swayam requires no previous work experience.
Education
There is no requirement in the form of education criteria for students to get admission into the X-RAY Crystallography certification course.
What you will learn
Knowledge of physics
After completing the X-RAY Crystallography programme, candidates will learn the following skills and abilities -
Candidates complete the curriculum within the specified period along with effective training.
The complete X-RAY Crystallography certification syllabus will be based on the fundamental elements that are necessary for machine processing.
Crystalline materials will be introduced to the students, the candidate will practise them along with complete training.
The candidate will learn the refractive index and its usage and conductivity in the process.
Crystal systems will be introduced at the end of the module, the candidate will complete it at the end.
Different space groups will be taught to the students to make them more effective.
Glide-reflection is necessarily taught in the beginning because it’s fundamental for the complete course.
Fundamentals and principles will be revised from time to time as the course continues.
Who it is for
The following interested students can register for this course -
Any aspirant who wants to or interested in learning X-Ray science can apply for the course, no such pre-requirement is needed.
Admission Details
The admission procedure for the X-RAY Crystallography online course is mentioned below -
Step 1: Get to the main core website https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/arp20_ap42/preview and have a complete overlook of the course from top to down.
Step 2: Step 2: After checking all of the details, candidates can register for the Swayam website.
Step 3: The next step is to sign in to the applicant's course enrollment page.
Step 4: After logging in, the applicant merely needs to press 'Join' to start the course.
Step 5: The applicant has been admitted into the course successfully.
The Syllabus
The understanding of Crystalline/amorphous materials and some of their physical properties viz melting point, anisotropic/isotropic in nature, electrical resistance, refractive index and conductivity
Methods of obtaining single crystal by different techniques Viz., slow evaporation either by single / mixer of solvents
Vapour diffusion techniques- a combination of solvents
The crystallization process involved- either exothermic/endothermic
Controlling the evaporation rate
Selecting suitable Crystals, the suitable size, the defects associated with the crystals
How to choose a crystal-free from defects by microscope
Use of polarizing microscope
The unit cell and the symmetries associated
The basic symmetry in the seven Crystal systems
The 32 point groups associated with them and the symmetry operations
Equivalent points, Viz., rotation, reflection, screw-rotation followed by a translation along the rotation axis, glide- reflection followed by a translation in the plane of reflection, and symmetry generated equivalent points.
Understanding crystalline substance
Selected important Space groups viz., Triclinic-2, Monoclinic 15, orthorhombic 25,(centrosymmetric and non-centrosymmetric) space groups with their packing symmetries,
Equivalent points
Generated higher symmetry points
Condition for Diffraction
The wavelength of the source and its relation with the slit width
How the Crystal acts as a Diffraction Grating with respect to X-Ray as a source
Braggs Law and Laue equation for diffraction
Concept of Reciprocal Lattice
constructing the Miller Indices from reciprocal lattice
Braggs law in the reciprocal lattice
Scattering Power of an atom
Structure Factor Equation
Derivation and Interpretation of Structure Factor Equation
Proving the Systematic absent condition from the structure factor equations
Using the Reciprocal lattice understanding the Diffraction Pattern
Indexing the Powder Pattern or single Crystal pattern
Three-dimensional Intensity data collection: description about the Diffractometer
X-ray tube
the geometry of the diffractometer and understanding their significance
the three/four circles viz., Phi, Omega, Kappa and two Theta
Deciding the crystal quality from rotation
still picture
resolution from the matrix and obtaining the Cell parameters
Refinement
deciding the system
Data collection strategy
Selecting the parameters like time of exposure depending on the crystal quality
The data collection based on the system namely- quadrant, hemisphere, or full sphere for data collection
Refinement of the Cell parameters from the full data
Further Data Integration
Selection of suitable parameters for data process
Determining the Crystal System
Analyzing the systematic absent conditions
Space group Determination
Structure Solution: Considering the Intensity as a waveform
Converting Intensity into Structure factor
Amplitude of the wave
The PHASE associated
Solve the PHASE problem
Determining the PHASES
Structure solution
Understanding the Fourier Equation as a wave function and its application in Computing the electron density map
Obtaining the fractional coordinates
Calculating the geometries like Bond Length
Bond angles, the torsional angles and mean plane calculation
The dihedral angle between the mean planes
Instructors
IISc Bangalore Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ's)
1: What will be the main focus point for the whole X-RAY Crystallography certification syllabus?
The complete syllabus will work on basic principles and fundamentals that are inclined in the X-Ray processing.
2: Who is going to teach this X-RAY Crystallography certification?
This course will be taught by DR M.NETHAJI.
3: What is the assessment pattern for X-RAY Crystallography online course?
The assessment pattern is divided into two parts, initially, it’s based on an internal assessment for 30% weightage and the latter part is on an external assessment which is 70% weightage.
4: Is there any work experience that the candidate needs to have to apply for the X-RAY Crystallography programme?
No work experience is required and asked to apply for this particular course, the candidate can go without any post-work experience.
5: In what time duration, the course will be completely taught and completed?
The course is of a complete sixteen-week duration, it will be completed in the same.
6: Where do presidential candidates get advice and support during the selection process?
As a condition, candidates can call the Swayam portal's helpline number, where they can obtain full assistance with the application process.
7: Who would approach the claimant if there was a disparity between classes?
Candidates may contact their professors if they have any questions or concerns.
8: Who is eligible to take part in this X-RAY Crystallography programme?
Those interested in learning about the various concepts of X-Ray science should take the course.