Amniocentesis - Accuracy, Benefits & more Details

What Is Amniocentesis?

Amniocentesis is the procedure of withdrawing amniotic fluid from the womb of an expectant mother for testing. This fluid contains cells of the fetus's skin and other materials that can provide important information about the health conditions of the fetus.

Indications For Amniocentesis

The details are given below:

Genetic Testing

• Amniocentesis is specifically done for intractable chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome.

Infection Testing

• The test can also identify whether the fetus has acquired any infection, such as cytomegalovirus.

Fetal Lung Maturity Assessment

• It can also be done in cases of suspected preterm birth to assess if the fetal lungs are mature by measuring the amount of surfactant present.

The Procedure

It includes:

Preparation

• An ultrasound is conducted before the test and marks the position of the fetus and the position of the placenta.

Fluid Extraction

• A thin needle guided by an ultrasound is inserted through the abdominal wall into the uterus to withdraw amniotic fluid.

Recovery

The patient is observed after the test for any complications, and the result usually takes a week or two.

Risks And Considerations

The risks can be:

Miscarriage

• Miscarriage The risk of miscarriage is about 1 in 300 to 1 in 500 procedures.

Infection

• There is a slight risk of infecting the mother during the procedure.

Amniotic Fluid Leakage

• This occurs in about 1% of the cases but often clears on its own.

Interpreting Results

The details are given below:

Normal Results

• The results are normal with no chromosomal abnormalities or infections noted.

Abnormal Results

• Abnormal results may need further testing or counselling about conditions which could be present

Inconclusive Results

• Inconclusive results may require further testing or monitoring.

Emotional Considerations

It can be:

Anxiety and Stress

• The decision to carry out amniocentesis can be stressful; hence, medical personnel and family should be very supportive.

Counselling

• Counselling may be required for those making difficult decisions based on results shown or realised from an amniocentesis test.