Female External Genital Organs: Overview, Gross, Structure & Function

Female External Genital Organs Definition

The external genital organs of a woman are collectively referred to as the vulva and are composed of all the external parts of a woman's reproductive system. These organs include the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vestibule, hymen, and Bartholin's glands. They make up the copulatory organs play a vital role in protecting the internal genital organs, and also aid in reproduction.

This knowledge of anatomy and functions will help the individual maintain reproductive health, identify disorders, and manage them to promote overall well-being. Proper care and hygiene of the external genital organs, hence, will prevent infections and a host of other health problems.

External Female Genital Organ Anatomy

The collective term for a female's external genital organs is the vulva. It comprises various distinct parts that make up the vulva and are unique in terms of their functions and characteristics.

Vulva

• The external female genitalia

• Includes the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vestibule, hymen, and Bartholin's glands

Mons Pubis

• Fatty tissue covered by skin and pubic hair

• Protects the pubic bone and cushions during sexual intercourse

Labia Majora

• Two large, fleshy folds of skin.

• Surrounds and protects the other external genital organs.

Labia Minora

• Two thin, hairless folds of skin within the labia majora.

• Protects the openings of the vagina and urethra.

Clitoris

• Composed of the glans, body and crura.

Vestibule

• The region between the labia minora.

• The urethral and vaginal openings open into this area.

Hymen

• The thin membrane that partially covers the vaginal opening.

• Shape and size vary among women.

Bartholin's Glands

• Located near the vaginal opening.

• Produces secretions that lubricate the vagina.

Functions Of Female External Genital Organs

These organs play some important functions relating to protective, reproductive, and sexual health.

Protective Functions

• The external genital organs act as a physical barrier to entry of the pathogen and hence protect against infections.

Reproductive Functions

• The Vulva dilates to allow the exit of the baby.

• It provides an exit for menstrual blood.

Development Of Female External Genital Organs

The development of these organs occurs initially during embryonic development but is completed at puberty

Embryonic Development

• It involves differentiation and growth of genital structures.

• Long-term potentiation is achieved through estrogen and other hormones.

Puberty

• Enlargement of the external genital organs, the growth of pubic hair, and the onset of menstruation.

Common Conditions And Disorders

A variety of conditions affect the female external genitalia. Some require awareness; others require medical attention.

Infections

• Types: bacterial, fungal and viral.

• Symptoms: Itching, burning, discharge

• Treatments: Medications, good hygiene

Congenital Anomalies

• Examples: Imperforate hymen, Labial fusion

• Implications: May need surgical correction

Benign and Malignant Tumors

• Types: Cysts, vulvar cancer.

• Symptoms: Lumps, pain, skin changes.

• Importance of Early Detection: Regular check-ups and prompt treatment.

Recommended Video On 'Female Exernal Genetilia'