Structural Organisation in Animals

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Introduction
It may surprise you to learn that all sophisticated organisms are made up of only four fundamental types of tissues. Solutions for NCERT class 11 biology chapter 7 structural organisation in animals contain interesting solutions that include an outstanding explanation of all questions about animals and their structural organisation. This topic introduces students to the various functions that animals are capable of performing. As a result, we have simplified the topic using examples that will improve your knowledge of the topic. So let's get started with this topic's tour.

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Structural organization in animals

All species in the animal kingdom are multicellular, yet their cell arrangement does not follow the same pattern. Animal levels of the organization are categorized into the following categories based on cellular organization patterns:

The cellular level of organisation: Cells in animals with this type of cell organisation are grouped in loose cell aggregates. Sponge organisation is a good example of this.

Tissue level organization: Animal cells exhibit divisions in cell activities. Tissues are made up of cells that execute the same job. Coelenterates is one example.

Tissues are an integrated set of cells that have similar cellular structures and execute similar tasks. In multicellular creatures, these tissues serve as a basic framework.

Tissues are classified into four types:

Epithelial tissue: The absence of blood vessels distinguishes epithelial tissues. Instead, it gets the nourishment it needs through diffusion. They serve as both the outer coating and the interior lining of many organs. All cells in epithelial tissues are closely packed, with little intercellular material between them. Simple epithelium and compound epithelium are the two forms of epithelial tissue. Furthermore, epithelial tissue can be classed based on its shape: cuboidal, squamous, or columnar.

Connective tissue: They are the most numerous and extensively dispersed tissues in mammals. Aside from blood cells, all connective tissues release collagen or elastin (fibrous proteins that provide structural support, flexibility, and elasticity.) Connective tissues are so named because of their unique function of connecting and supporting other tissues in the body.

Muscular tissue: These tissues are made up of long, tube-shaped fibers that are arranged in parallel arrays and are mostly made up of multiple fine fibrils known as myofibrils. Muscular tissues are necessary for contraction, relaxation, and other body motions. Muscular tissues are classified into three types: skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles.

Nervous tissue: Neurons and neuroglial cells make up nervous tissues. The neuron is an excitable cell that is an essential component of the nervous system. The rest of the nervous system is made up of neuroglia, which account for double the amount of neural tissue in the human body. Nervous tissues have the most influence over the body's response to changing conditions.

Organ organization: Tissues in a certain group of animals that perform the same function are grouped together to create an organ. Each organ has a distinct purpose. Platyhelminthes is an example.

NCERT Notes Subject Wise Link:

Organ system level of organization: Organ system level of organization has been found in animals where organs have been coupled to form functional systems, each system concerned with a certain physiological function. Annelids, Arthropods, Echinoderms, Mollusks, and Chordates are a few examples.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 7 - Structural Organization in Animals NCERT Solutions and structural organisation in animals class 11 notes

Get a head start on your test preparation by downloading the NCERT Solutions, Class 11 Biology, Chapter 7, Structural Organization in Animals PDF. To provide a thorough study aid for all students, our subject specialists have solved the exercises in this chapter from the NCERT textbook. Structural organization in animals ncert pdf is available for free download and is considered an ideal study resource for last-minute revision. Students can actually use this material for a variety of competitive examinations.

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Structural organisation in animals MCQ

Which one of the following types of cell is involved in making the inner walls of the large blood vessels?

a. Stratified epithelium

b. Squamous epithelium

c. Columnar epithelium

d. Simple columnar epithelium

Answer: The answer is the option (b) Squamous epithelium

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To which one of the following categories does adipose tissue belong?

a. Connective

b. Muscular

c. Neural

d. Epithelial

Answer: The answer is the option (a) Connective tissue

Which one of the following is not a connective tissue?

a. Bone

b. Blood

c. Muscles

d. Cartilage

Answer: The answer is the option (c) Muscles

The clitellum is a distinct part of the body of the earthworm, it is found in?

a. Segment 15-16-17

b. Segment 14-15-16

c. Segment 13-14-15

d. Segment 12-13-14

Answer: The answer is the option (b) segment 14-15-16

Which one of the following statements is true for cockroaches?

a. Anal styles are not present in females

b. Cockroaches are ureotelic

c. Their larval stage is known as caterpillar

d. The total number of ovarioles in a single ovary is ten

Answer: The answer is the option (a) anal styles are not present in females

The ciliated epithelium in our body may be found in

a. trachea

b. ureter

c. bile duct

d. intestines

Answer: The answer is the option (a) trachea

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What are the four levels of structural organization in animals?

Cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems are the four layers of hierarchical organisation in every animal. The complexity of each level of the hierarchy increases, and all organ systems work together to build an organism. (See the "Cellular Basics" chapter for more information on cells and tissues.)

2. Name the different types of tissues.

Tissues are classified as follows:

Nervous tissue
Connective tissue
Epithelial tissue
Muscular tissue

3. What is meant by the organ system?

An organ is a collection of tissues; an organ system is a collection of organs that work together to fulfill one or more functions. Every organ is made up of at least one sort of tissue. An organ system is a collection of organs that operate together to accomplish a common goal. Organ systems include the excretory system, reproductive system, endocrine system, circulatory system, and respiratory system.

4. Define a cell.

An organism's smallest structural and functional unit is the cell. The basic job of cell components is to carry out numerous living tasks.

5. What is the exocrine gland and give some examples of it?

A gland that produces and releases substances such as perspiration, tears, saliva, milk, and digestive fluids through a duct or aperture to the surface of the body. Sweat glands, lacrimal glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, and digestive glands in the stomach, pancreas, and intestines are examples of exocrine glands.