Mercury - Definition, Uses, Structure, Properties, FAQs
What is Mercury?
Mercury is a substance with a mercury atomic number of 80 along with an atomic mass of 200.59 g / mol. It is only liquid metal. Its symbol is Hg. It places the d in d-block of the current time table and therefore is also a convertible. The objects in block d are called transitions because of their position between the block and the p-block. The position of the mercury metal in the time table is group 12 and the sixth period.
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- What is Mercury?
- Chemical Properties of Mercury
- Mercury Structures
- Mercury Chemical Properties
- Uses of Mercury
Mercury is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor. Due to the presence of unpaired electrons in the d-orbital mercury element, it is a good conductor of electricity. Latin name mercury is . Density of mercury is 13.5 g/mL. Also, red mercury uses are USSR nuclear weapons program. Mercury formula is Hg.
Chemical Properties of Mercury
- Mercury is a malfunctioning metal.
- It does not react with oxygen present in the air.
- Mercury reacts with certain acids.
- Mercury can be dissolved in aqua regia and concentrated in nitric acid.
- Mercury responds with sulfur.
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Mercury Structures
Mercury Body Structures are
Mercury is a shiny silver metal.
The amount of mercury temperature is 13.6g cubes in 20-centimeters Celsius.
The boiling point of mercury is 356.6-degrees Celcius.
Electronic configuration 4f145d106s2.
The surface tension of the mercury metal is very high.
The Mercury symbol in the Timeline
The mark Mercury Hg is derived from the Greek word for mercury, which is Hydrargyrum. The meaning of the word is liquid silver as it is colored and shiny like silver, but wet in the province.
Mercury is the only liquid metal present.
Mercury metal was discovered by the ancients.
Mercury is something that cannot be repaired or destroyed. The only source of mercury is its ores on the earth.
Silver mercury is highly toxic and should be treated with care. It is harmful to the environment and to the workplace.
Mercury can enter the food chain and show the potential for biological growth. An early example of this was Minamata disease in Japan caused by eating lake fish whose water was contaminated with mercury.
Mercury is also known as quicksilver because it moves faster when applied. It also got its name from the fast-moving planet named Mercury.
It is a heavy metal and forms certain non-perishable compounds and is therefore collected in nature.
Alloys of mercury metal and other metals such as gold, tin, etc are known as alloys.
The mercury sulphide ore is Cinnabar.
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Mercury Environmental Effects
Mercury is converted to methyl mercury by other microorganisms. Methyl mercury is a water-soluble compound and can be easily absorbed by living organisms. Like mercury enters the food chain and affects biodiversity. This leads to the death of many things that disrupt the balance of nature.
Mercuric compounds do not rot and can accumulate in nature. The accumulation of such toxic metals is a serious threat to the environment.
Mercury abundance
According to the above mentioned quantity at 20°C and the use of a Beattie formula that provides the amount of mercury produced. In addition to thermometry, mercury is used as a reliable standard for determining the volume of small power steps and maintaining a standard main barometer. In any case, the temperature of interest is 0-41°C, so maximum values are calculated in steps of 0.1°C in this range. The amount of mercury magnitude refers to a pressure of 101325 Pa.
The amount of mercury at 20° C was 13545.848 kg / m3.
The Mercury element has been known for thousands of years. People have learned to make this metal with a very important ore called Cinnabar. Cinnabar emits mercury as a vapor when it is blown; later the smoke cools down and is absorbed as liquid mercury.
Mercury structures
Mercury metal can be frozen to solid at a temperature of 38.85 ° C. It can be converted to gas when boiled to 365.6 ° C. The amount of mercury is 13.59 grams per cubic centimeter.
It has two very interesting visuals.
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Extremely high altitude.
Excellent electric conductor.
Allergies are the properties of beverages that make them appear to be covered with skin. While a good electric conductor, this material is used in switching on and off the mercury switch.
Another liquid metal is mercury. There is actually another liquid, bromine. Bromine is a non-metallic substance. At a temperature of 38.85 ° C (- 37.93 ° F), mercury can be frozen (converted into solid). At 365.6 ° C (690.1 ° F), it can be converted to gas ("boiled"). Its mass is 13.59 grams per cent per cube.
Mercury is an excellent electrical conductor, too. In various active products, this material is used. One such gadget is the mercury switch, for example, the type that turns off and off the lights. You should put a small amount of mercury in a small glass container.
To touch back and forth, a capsule can be made. Mercury runs from one side to the other as a tip. The mercury at the end of one capsule will cause electrical energy to pass through the region. On the other hand, there is no mercury, so no current will pass. Mercury conversion is easy and quick to produce.
Mercury Chemical Properties
Mercury works moderately.
It reacts with other acids when hot, but not with too many cold acids.
Details of Mercury element
Mercury is also a chemical substance. Its common name is "quicksilver". The element mercury is silver in color. It can change very quickly.
It expands or becomes larger at higher temperatures. Signs or shrinks at low temperatures.
One mercury enters the body and is difficult to remove.
Mercury is used to make lamps and batteries. It is used for electrical switching. There is also rat poison and insects. It can also be used medically.
Uses of Mercury
Mercury metal has many applications. Due to its very high mercury used thermometers, barometers, manometers, sphygmomanometers, floating valves, mercury exchanges, mercury transfers, fluorescent lamps and other devices.
Mercury Meaning
Mercury is a chemical substance and is the only common metal in water at normal temperatures. Known as quicksilver and heavy, white silver metal. Mercury is one of the flexible metals, where one of the elements found between Groups 2 (IIA) and 13 (IIIA) is in the given periodic table.
As part of a chemical, mercury cannot be built or destroyed. The same amount has been in the world since the world was made. Mercury, however, can revolve around nature as part of natural and human activities. Mercury metal has also received many new applications in electronic devices and electrochemistry. Mercury metal is a flexible liquid; it has a measurable pressure of evaporation at room temperature.
The concentration of mercury is 13.6 g.cm-3 at 20 ° C
Mercury is a liquid metal of many useful applications. And it is a dangerous element in the environment and in the workplace, and it has ruined many things. The knowledge of mercury melting is useful in dealing with problems that require knowledge of the concentration of metals in liquids and in the souls of our environment.
NCERT Chemistry Notes:
Most commonly used mercury chemicals:
Calomel - mercurous chloride (Hg2Cl2) is used as a measure in electrochemical and medical measurements as a purgative.
Mercuric chloride - Subrosa (HgCl2) is used as an insecticide such as rat poison and antibiotic.
Mercuric oxide is used in oily skin.
Mercuric sulfate is used as a stimulant in living chemicals.
Mercury is used in barometers, manometers, thermometers, sphygmomanometers, mercury switches, float valves, mercury relays, fluorescent lamps, and other instruments, and concerns about toxicity have led to mercury thermometers and sphygmomanometers being increasingly eliminated in clinics such as thermometers.
Mercury does not react with many acids, such as dilute sulfuric acid, but is dissolved to provide sulfate, nitrate, and chloride with oxidizing acids such as concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid or aqua regia. Mercury reacts with the atmosphere's hydrogen sulphide, much like platinum.
Mercury fill is the most important component in the production of explosives and guns. This compound is often used in weapons as a cartridge primer. As it allows gold to sink into water-rock conveys, mercury has traditionally been used (mostly) in the process of gold mines pressing them down. Small particles of gold can form an amalgam of mercury and gold and, therefore, increase the discovery rates of gold. In the 1960s, heavy use of mercury ceased (due to its toxicity). However, in the search for gold in small quantities (especially privately), it is still known that mercury is used.
Model Solved Example for Mercury Quantity
Question:
A 20ml sample of mercury weighs 271g. Calculate the amount of mercury.
Solution:
Quantity = Mass / volume
Quantity = 271g / 20ml
Quantity of mercury factor = 13.55 g / ml
This question tests the knowledge of the basic equation. Although the calculation is simple one should be able to use this calculation in order to be able to connect this information with the other facts and formulas given in the paragraph.
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Mercury's chemical symbol, Hg, comes from the Greek “hydrargyrum” meaning liquid silver. Mercury is also known as “quicksilver,” a reference to its mobility.
There are various uses of mercury in different fields-
- Mercury is used in thermometers to measure body temperature and objects.
- Vermillion is mercuric sulfide.
- Some mercury chemicals are used in explosives.
- Mercuric chloride is used medically.
- Various mercury compounds are used to lubricate the skin.
- Other mercury compounds are also used as pesticides and rodenticides.
- Mercury metal is used to make batteries and lamps and fluorescent lamps.
- Besides mercury thermometers are also used in barometers, manometers, sphygmomanometers (a tool used to measure blood pressure).
- Mercury is also used as a stimulant in many responses.
- Mercury is also used in the gold mining process.
The health effects of mercury are:
- If mercury is separated from broken thermometers it can enter the body through respiration as a flexible metal or skin and can cause various diseases in the body if present in large quantities.
- Mercury is a very toxic metal and can cause skin irritation, skin rashes, allergies.
- It can cause headaches, can damage the nervous system.
- It can cause genetic defects and mutations in human genes.
- It can affect reproductive health.
- Other side effects of mercury include vision distortion, memory loss, and muscle damage, as well as muscle instability.
Mercury is also sometimes called quicksilver or liquid silver. Mercury is classified as a "Transition Metal" as it is ductile, malleable, and is able to conduct heat and electricity.
Liquid mercury is used because its high density requires less space. It is also a good conductor of electricity, so it is a useful component of electrical switches.
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Questions related to
Correct Answer: clues
Solution : The most appropriate option is the third option.
Explanation:
Clues refer to hints, evidence, or information that helps in understanding or solving something. In the context of the passage, moons, asteroids, and comets provide crucial information or hints about the formation and evolution of the solar system. They offer valuable insights that aid in understanding how the solar system came into existence and how it has changed over time.
The meanings of the other options are as follows:
- Sets refer to a group of related objects or things.
- Derivations refer to the process of obtaining something from a source or origin.
- Biases refer to prejudices or inclinations that affect judgement or decision-making based on partiality or preference.
Correct Answer: Pyrometers
Solution : The correct option is the Pyrometers.
Luminous objects are things like electric bulbs that produce or radiate light on their own. A particular kind of remote-sensing thermometer used to gauge the temperature of far-off objects is called a pyrometer. It is a device that, using the quantity of thermal radiation a surface emits, can be used to determine a surface's temperature from a distance. This procedure is known as pyrometry and radiometry.
Correct Answer: Nitrogen and phosphorus
Solution : The correct answer is (a) Nitrogen and phosphorus
Eutrophication is a process that occurs in bodies of water, such as lakes, rivers, and coastal areas, where there is an excessive accumulation of nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus. These nutrients can come from various sources, including agricultural runoff, wastewater discharge, and the use of fertilizers.
When an excess of nitrogen and phosphorus enters a body of water, it stimulates the growth of algae and other aquatic plants in an uncontrolled manner. This excessive growth of algae is known as an algal bloom. As the algae die and decompose, bacteria and other microorganisms consume oxygen, leading to oxygen depletion in the water. This depletion of oxygen can harm aquatic organisms, resulting in fish kills and a decline in biodiversity.
Eutrophication is a significant environmental issue and can lead to water quality degradation, ecological imbalances, and the disruption of aquatic ecosystems. Efforts to mitigate eutrophication include implementing nutrient management strategies, improving wastewater treatment, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices to reduce nutrient runoff.
Correct Answer: including
Solution : The most appropriate option is the fourth option.
Explanation: Including means to contain as part of a whole. In this context, it implies that among the eight planets in the solar system, Earth is one of them. "The eight planets in the solar system, including Earth, orbit around the sun in nearly circular paths."
The meanings of the other options are as follows:
- Excluding means not taking into account or not including.
- Diluting means to make something weaker or less concentrated.
- Dissolving means becoming incorporated into a liquid and forming a solution.
Correct Answer: the cohesion of mercury is greater than its adhesion with glass
Solution : The correct option is the cohesion of mercury is greater than its adhesion with glass.
On a clean glass plate, the behaviour of a drop of water spreading and a drop of mercury remaining almost spherical is related to the balance of cohesion and adhesion forces. Mercury's cohesive forces (attraction between mercury molecules) are stronger than its adhesive forces (attraction between mercury and the glass surface).