Correct Answer: Only 1,2 , and 4

Solution : The correcrt option is 4 i.e  "Only 1, 2, and 4."
Explanation:

 Let's refer to the following lines of the passage:

The device has a very simple structure consisting of specially designed nanocomposite polymers and contact electrodes and can generate a few Milliwatt (Mw) power, which is sufficient to power small electronic devices like watches, digital thermometers, radio frequency transmitters, healthcare sensors, pedometers. 
The above statement clearly mention the watches, pedometers and radio frequency transmitters.

Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
 

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion states that the private sector's involvement in healthcare can improve service quality and increase accessibility, which is correct. The private sector, including private healthcare providers, pharmaceutical companies, and medical technology firms, can contribute to improving the healthcare sector in various ways. Private healthcare providers often bring in investments that can be used to enhance infrastructure, acquire advanced medical technologies, and expand healthcare facilities. They also tend to introduce innovative practices and business models that can lead to improved service quality, efficiency, and patient experience. Additionally, private sector participation can create competition in the healthcare market, which can incentivize improvements in service delivery and overall healthcare system performance.

The reason provided states that private healthcare providers can bring in investments and innovative practices, and this is the correct explanation of the assertion. Private sector involvement in healthcare can bring financial resources through investments, which can be used to modernize healthcare infrastructure, upgrade medical equipment, and attract skilled healthcare professionals. Private providers are often driven by profit incentives, which can encourage them to introduce innovative practices to attract more patients, streamline processes, and deliver high-quality care. These innovative practices can lead to advancements in medical technology, new treatment approaches, and improved healthcare delivery models.

Therefore, both the assertion and reason are correct, and the reason serves as the correct explanation for why the private sector's involvement in healthcare can improve service quality and increase accessibility.

Correct Answer: Assertion is true, but the reason is false.

Solution : The correct option is:
c) Assertion is true, but the reason is false.

The assertion is true. Pakistan does indeed have a higher infant mortality rate, which is the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births, compared to India and China.

However, the reason provided is false. Greater access to healthcare facilities and awareness about proper healthcare practices are more likely to contribute to lower infant mortality rates rather than higher rates. Countries with better access to healthcare services and increased awareness about proper healthcare practices tend to have lower infant mortality rates. Therefore, the reason does not provide a correct explanation for the higher infant mortality rate in Pakistan.

Therefore, the assertion is true, but the reason is false.

Correct Answer: Primary healthcare centers
  

Solution : The correct answer is (A) Primary healthcare centers

Primary healthcare centers are a key component of health infrastructure that focuses on providing primary and preventive healthcare services. These centers are often the first point of contact for individuals seeking healthcare, and they play a crucial role in promoting preventive measures, health education, vaccinations, early detection of diseases, and basic healthcare services. Primary healthcare centers are typically located in local communities and serve as the primary access point for healthcare services, addressing the healthcare needs of individuals and promoting overall population health.

Correct Answer: Waste generated by electronic devices

Solution : The correct answer is (A) Waste generated by electronic devices.

The term "e-waste" refers to electronic waste, which includes discarded or obsolete electronic devices. These devices can include computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, televisions, printers, refrigerators, and other electrical or electronic equipment. E-waste may also include components and parts of these devices.

E-waste is a growing concern due to the rapid advancement of technology, leading to shorter product lifecycles and increased electronic consumption. Improper disposal of e-waste can have harmful environmental and health impacts. Many electronic devices contain hazardous materials such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and flame retardants, which can contaminate soil, water, and air if not managed properly.

Proper management of e-waste involves recycling and responsible disposal to recover valuable materials and prevent environmental pollution. Recycling e-waste allows for the recovery of valuable metals and other components, reducing the need for raw material extraction and minimizing the environmental impact of electronic devices.

Correct Answer: Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, and Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement 1.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, and Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement 1.

Statement 1 is true. India indeed has a higher average life expectancy compared to Pakistan. As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, India's average life expectancy was around 69 years, while Pakistan's was around 67 years, according to World Bank data.

Statement 2 is also true. Improved healthcare infrastructure and access to medical facilities have contributed to higher life expectancy in India. Over the years, India has made significant progress in improving its healthcare system, including the expansion of medical facilities, advancements in healthcare technologies, and increased access to healthcare services. These improvements have positively impacted life expectancy in the country.

Therefore, Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, and Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement 1.

Correct Answer: Evaluating alternative courses of action
 

Solution : The correct answer is (a). Evaluating alternative courses of action

This involves assessing the feasibility, advantages, disadvantages, and potential outcomes associated with each course of action. By conducting a comprehensive evaluation, the company can make an informed decision on the most suitable and effective approach for its expansion. This step is crucial for ensuring that the chosen expansion strategy aligns with the company's objectives and maximizes the chances of success.

Correct Answer: Identifying potential risks

Solution : The correct answer is (c). Identifying potential risks

Identifying potential risks is a crucial step in assessing the challenges and opportunities associated with an expansion. This involves conducting a risk analysis to understand the factors that could impact the success of the expansion. This step allows MNO Healthcare Solutions to proactively address potential challenges and capitalize on opportunities by developing strategies to mitigate risks.

Correct Answer: Evaluating alternative courses of action
    

Solution : The correct answer is (a). Evaluating alternative courses of action

Evaluating alternative courses of action is often a crucial step, but not necessarily the immediate next one. Depending on the complexity of the expansion plan and the level of detail already explored in the identified courses of action. Evaluating alternative courses of action, if they have well-defined objectives and sufficient information to proceed.

Correct Answer: Evaluating alternative courses of action
 

Solution : The correct answer is (a). Evaluating alternative courses of action

This evaluation involves assessing the feasibility, benefits, risks, and potential outcomes associated with each option. Through this process, the organization can make an informed decision on which course of action aligns best with its goals and objectives. Subsequently, after evaluating alternatives, the organization can move on to setting clear objectives and goals, identifying potential risks, and allocating resources based on the selected course of action.