Correct Answer: Improve maternal and child healthcare services

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Improve maternal and child healthcare services.

The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) is a government scheme in India that aims to improve maternal and child healthcare services, particularly for women in rural areas. It provides financial assistance to pregnant women to encourage institutional deliveries and access to quality healthcare during childbirth. The scheme aims to reduce maternal and infant mortality rates by promoting safe deliveries, ensuring skilled birth attendance, and facilitating postnatal care. The Janani Suraksha Yojana helps women avail necessary healthcare services, including prenatal and postnatal care, to ensure the well-being of both the mother and the child.

Correct Answer: Improve healthcare services in rural areas

Solution : The correct answer is (D) Improve healthcare services in rural areas.

The NRHM was launched in 2005 by the Government of India with the aim of providing accessible, affordable, and quality healthcare to the rural population of the country. It focuses on addressing the healthcare challenges and disparities faced by rural communities, where healthcare infrastructure and services are often inadequate.

The NRHM has played a crucial role in improving healthcare services and outcomes in rural areas of India. It has contributed to reducing maternal and child mortality rates, improving access to healthcare facilities, and enhancing the overall health status of rural communities.

Correct Answer: Providing medical services

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Providing medical services

The primary purpose of healthcare infrastructure is to provide medical services. Healthcare infrastructure refers to the physical facilities, equipment, and systems that support the delivery of healthcare services and the provision of medical care to individuals and communities.

Healthcare infrastructure includes various components such as hospitals, clinics, medical laboratories, diagnostic centers, pharmacies, and other healthcare facilities. It also encompasses the necessary equipment, technology, and support systems required for medical diagnosis, treatment, and patient care.

The main goal of healthcare infrastructure is to ensure access to quality healthcare services, promote public health, and address the medical needs of individuals and communities. It involves the provision of medical professionals, specialized healthcare services, emergency care, preventive healthcare measures, and other healthcare interventions.

Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct option is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion that government policies play a crucial role in promoting human capital formation is true. Human capital formation refers to the process of acquiring and developing knowledge, skills, and capabilities in individuals. Government policies have a significant influence on the availability, accessibility, and quality of education and healthcare services, which are key components of human capital formation. Through various interventions and investments, governments can create an enabling environment that supports education and healthcare, leading to the development of human capital in a society.

The reason provided states that government interventions can improve access to education and healthcare services, which is a correct explanation of the assertion. Government policies can include measures such as funding for educational institutions, scholarships and grants, infrastructure development, curriculum development, healthcare subsidies, and public health initiatives. These interventions aim to reduce barriers to education and healthcare, improve their affordability and quality, and ensure equitable access for all individuals. By implementing such policies, governments can enhance human capital formation by providing individuals with the necessary resources and opportunities to acquire education and healthcare services.

Therefore, both the assertion that government policies play a crucial role in promoting human capital formation and the reason that government interventions can improve access to education and healthcare services are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion is true. When individuals and communities do not have adequate access to healthcare services, it can have detrimental effects on their health and overall well-being. Poor health outcomes can lead to increased medical expenses, reduced productivity, and a cycle of poverty as families struggle to cope with healthcare costs and the economic burden of illness.

The reason provided, stating that medical expenses can push individuals and families into poverty due to high out-of-pocket costs, is the correct explanation of the assertion. In many countries, including India, healthcare expenses are often a significant financial burden for individuals and families. High out-of-pocket costs for medical treatments, medications, hospitalization, and other healthcare services can deplete savings, force individuals to borrow money or sell assets, and push them into poverty.

Therefore, both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion. Lack of access to healthcare facilities can indeed contribute to poverty, primarily due to the financial strain caused by high medical expenses.

Correct Answer: By providing home care services through a mobile app
  

Solution : The correct answer is (b) By providing home care services through a mobile app

Rohan developed a mobile app that connects senior citizens to healthcare professionals who provide home care services. This innovation ensures convenience and quality care for the elderly, allowing them to access healthcare services in the comfort of their homes.

Correct Answer: Government funding for educational institutions

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Government funding for educational institutions.

Public investment in human capital refers to the allocation of resources by the government towards education and skill development of individuals in a society. It involves the provision of financial support and resources to educational institutions such as schools, colleges, universities, and vocational training centers. Government funding helps to improve the quality of education, expand access to educational opportunities, and enhance the overall human capital of the population.

Correct Answer: Nutrition and healthcare services to children and pregnant women

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Nutrition and healthcare services to children and pregnant women

The "Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)" scheme in India primarily focuses on providing comprehensive services for the holistic development of children and improving the health and nutrition status of pregnant women and lactating mothers. The scheme aims to ensure proper early childhood care and development, nutrition support, immunization, and health check-ups for children up to the age of six years. It includes services such as supplementary nutrition, immunization, health check-ups, referral services, and non-formal pre-school education. The ICDS scheme plays a crucial role in addressing malnutrition and promoting the overall well-being of children and women in India.

Correct Answer: Unaffordable medical services
    

Solution : The correct answer is (B) Unaffordable medical services

The lack of healthcare access in rural areas is primarily due to the unaffordability of medical services. Rural areas often have limited healthcare facilities and resources, making it difficult for people in those areas to access quality healthcare. Additionally, the cost of healthcare services, including consultations, medications, diagnostic tests, and hospitalizations, can be a significant burden for individuals and families in rural areas, many of whom may have low income and limited access to health insurance or financial assistance programs. As a result, the unaffordability of medical services becomes a major barrier to healthcare access in rural areas.

Correct Answer: Incorporating flexibility in the plans
 

Solution : The correct answer is (a). Incorporating flexibility in the plans

Incorporating flexibility in plans allows an organization to adapt to changes and unforeseen circumstances. It enables adjustments to be made when necessary, ensuring that plans remain relevant and effective in dynamic environments.

Therefore, Incorporating flexibility in the plans is the most appropriate choice for overcoming the limitations of planning.