Correct Answer: Both statements are incorrect.

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Both statements are incorrect.

Statement 1 is incorrect. The selling concept primarily focuses on short-term sales and transactions rather than building long-term customer loyalty. It often involves aggressive sales tactics to close deals.

Statement 2 is false. The marketing concept does not solely rely on aggressive advertising for sales. The marketing concept involves understanding customer needs, creating valuable products or services, and effectively promoting them, considering a holistic approach to meet both customer satisfaction and business goals.

Therefore, statement 1 is incorrect, and statement 2 is false.

Correct Answer: Statement 1 is correct, and statement 2 is false.

Solution : The answer is (b) Statement 1 is correct, and statement 2 is false.

Statement 1 is correct. Sales promotion techniques are designed to boost short-term sales by offering incentives to consumers to purchase a product or service. Common sales promotion techniques include discounts, coupons, buy-one-get-one-free offers, and loyalty programs.

Statement 2 is false. Sales promotion techniques can have a significant impact on consumer behavior and loyalty. For example, a discount on a product can encourage consumers to purchase it sooner rather than later. A loyalty program can reward consumers for repeat purchases, which can lead to increased brand loyalty.

Correct Answer: Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is true.

Solution : Labeling is used as effective sales promotional tool. Labelling is to provide statutory warning required by law. To put "smoking is injurious to health" on the package of cigarette and "chewing tobacco is injurious to health" on the package of Pan masala are the examples of statutory warning.

Hence, option D is correct.

Correct Answer: Statement 1 is correct, and statement 2 is false.

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Statement 1 is correct, and statement 2 is false.

Statement 1 is true. The selling concept does focus on customer satisfaction through understanding their needs. This concept involves understanding customer needs and wants and then developing strategies to meet those needs and sell products or services that address those wants.

Statement 2 is false. The marketing concept does not solely rely on aggressive promotional tactics to drive sales. The marketing concept emphasizes understanding customer needs and wants, creating valuable products or services to meet those needs, and delivering value to customers. It's not just about promotion; it's about a holistic approach that involves product development, pricing, distribution, and promotion based on understanding and satisfying customer needs.

Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Assertion is true, but the reason is false.

The assertion is true. The marketing concept does indeed aim to achieve long-term customer loyalty and satisfaction. It emphasizes building strong and lasting relationships with customers by understanding and fulfilling their needs and preferences.

The reason is false. The marketing concept does not solely focus on short-term sales targets. While achieving sales is a part of marketing, the primary focus is on long-term customer satisfaction and loyalty. Marketing is about creating sustained customer relationships and meeting customer needs in the long run.

In summary, the assertion is true, but the reason is false. The marketing concept is more concerned with long-term customer relationships and satisfaction rather than just short-term sales targets.

Correct Answer: Assertion is true, but the reason is false.

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Assertion is true, but the reason is false.

The assertion is true. Sales promotion techniques do aim to boost customer loyalty, but they also aim to achieve short-term sales increases. While the immediate goal of sales promotions is often to increase sales in the short term, a well-designed sales promotion strategy can also contribute to long-term customer loyalty. For example, promotions can attract new customers who may become loyal in the long run through positive experiences with the brand.

The reason provided is false. Sales promotion techniques are not solely focused on short-term sales increases. While they do often have an immediate impact on sales, they can also be designed and implemented strategically to enhance customer loyalty over the long term.

Correct Answer: Statement 1 is correct, and statement 2 is false.

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Statement 1 is correct, and statement 2 is false.

Statement 1 is correct. The marketing concept indeed focuses on delivering superior value to customers. It emphasizes understanding and meeting customer needs and wants by offering products or services that provide value and benefits to the customers.

Statement 2 is false. The selling concept does not solely rely on product features to drive sales. While product features may be a part of the selling approach, the selling concept emphasizes aggressive promotional tactics and sales techniques to maximize short-term sales.

Therefore, statement 1 is correct, and statement 2 is false.

Correct Answer: Premiums

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Premiums. 

Premiums involve offering a free or discounted item as an incentive to encourage a purchase. In this case, customers receive a free gift with the purchase of specific skincare items, making it a premium offer. Trade shows, rebates, and loyalty programs are distinct sales promotion techniques with different incentives or mechanisms.

Correct Answer: debited by Rs 20,000

Solution : Answer = debited by Rs 20,000

$\frac{3,00,000}{15,00,000}$×3,00,000= 60,000$\times \frac{1}{3}$= 20,000.
Hence, the correct option is 1.

Correct Answer: Operating profit ratio

Solution : Answer = Operating profit ratio

The operating profit ratio measures the efficiency of a company's operations by assessing the relationship between operating profit and revenue from operations (net sales). It indicates the percentage of revenue retained as operating profit after deducting operating expenses.
Hence, the correct option is 1.