Addition and Subtraction Worksheets

Addition and subtraction are some of the basic arithmetic operators that we use to add or subtract numbers. The concepts of addition and subtraction are not new but very old which is used from ancient times. It forms the very basis of higher mathematics and calculations. They are most commonly used in daily life like paying bills, shopping, banking, etc.

This article is about the concept of addition and subtraction. Let us look in detail about what is addition and subtraction, fraction addition and subtraction, decimal addition and subtraction, integers addition and subtraction, algebraic expressions addition and subtraction, and addition and subtraction worksheets.

What is Addition and Subtraction?

Addition is done by summing up or putting things together. On the other hand, subtraction is done by taking away or removing things.

The addition formula is stated as: Addend + Addend = Sum. Here 2 numbers are added to give one total or sum.

The subtraction formula is stated as Minuend - Subtrahend = Difference. Here, 2 numbers are subtracted to give one difference.

Two Digit Addition and Subtraction

2-digit addition and subtraction can be performed with and without regrouping. Regrouping takes place when the sum of a column value is greater than 9. In this case, ones digit is written under that particular column and the extra digit (tens digit) is carried over to the next column and added along with the addends of that particular column.

For example: Add the numbers 10 + 20

Solution:

Numbers with 2-digits have place value as ones and tens starting from the right side. While adding 2 digits together, we arrange the numbers column-wise. In the ones column we have 0 + 0 = 0 and in the tens column we have 1 + 2 = 3. Hence, 10 + 20 = 30.

If in case we add 77+33, then the addition in the one column will be 10. Here, we will put the number 0 in the one's place and add the number 1 to the tens place column. Now, adding up the numbers in tens place, 7+3+1=11. Now, since there is no other columns in the left, put 11 under the tens place column.

Now, let us subtract 33 from 77 in the following way.

The place value arrangement remains similar as discussed in the addition operation. Thus in the ones column, we have 7 - 3 = 4 and the same in the tens column. Hence, 77 - 33 = 44.

For more such examples on addition and subtraction, refer to class 4 addition and subtraction worksheet, class 5 addition and subtraction worksheet

Integer Addition and Subtraction

Integers are numbers having both positive and negative numbers along with zero. Integer addition and subtraction is a bit different form normal addition and subtraction due to negative numbers.

The rules of integer addition and subtraction are,

1. Same sign: add/subtract and put the same sign. Eg. 3+9 = 12, -4-8 =-12, etc.

2. Different sign: subtract and put the greater number sign Eg. -18+22 = 4, -42+25 = -17.

For more such examples on addition and subtraction of integers, refer to integers addition and subtraction worksheet

Decimal Addition and Subtraction

Decimal addition and subtraction is the same as normal addition with some extra rules. To add or subtract decimals, make the numbers to be added or subtracted as equal number of digits after the decimal. If it is not as equal number of digits, add zero to the number with less digits to make it zero. Then, arrange the numbers correctly straight to the decimal points. Now, the numbers can be added and subtracted as normal.

For example, The addition of 12.40 and 7.51 is 19.91 and the subtraction of 12.40 and 7.51 is 4.89.

For more such examples on addition and subtraction of decimal numbers, refer decimal addition and subtraction worksheet

Fraction Addition and Subtraction

Fractions are defined as a number in the form $\frac{p}{q}$. For the fractions with same denominators, addition and subtraction can be done by just adding the numerators.

For example: We add and subtract the fractions: $\frac{4}{5}$ and $\frac{2}{5}$.
Since the denominators are same, hence we can add the numerators directly.

$
\frac{4}{6}+\frac{3}{6}=\frac{4+3}{6}=\frac{7}{6}
$

Similarly, $
\frac{4}{6}-\frac{3}{6}=\frac{4-3}{6}=\frac{!}{6}
$

In case the denominators are different, then we need to make the denominators same by taking LCM to perform addition or subtraction.

For example: Add $\frac{9}{2}+4$
Here, $\frac{9}{2}$ is a fraction and $4$ is a whole number.
We can write $4$ as $\frac{4}{1}$.
Now making the denominators same, we get;
$\frac{9}{26}$ and $\frac{4}{1} \times(\frac{2}{2})=\frac{8}{2}$
Add $\frac{9}{2}$ and $\frac{8}{2}$

$
\frac{9}{2}+\frac{8}{2}=\frac{17}{2}
$

Similarly, $
\frac{9}{2}-\frac{8}{2}=\frac{1}{2}
$

Hence, the sum of $\frac{9}{2}$ and $4$ is $\frac{17}{2}$ and the difference between $\frac{9}{2}$ and $4$ is $\frac{1}{2}$

For more such examples on addition and subtraction of fractions or rational numbers, refer fractions addition and subtraction worksheet, rational number addition and subtraction worksheet or fraction addition and subtraction worksheet pdf.

Algebraic Expressions Addition and Subtraction

Algebraic expression is an expression that is made up of combining variables and constants, along with basic algebraic elementary operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication or division. Tha addition or subtraction of the algebraic expressions can be done by combining the like terms (i.e) the terms with same variable and then performing the operations.

For example, Let us look into the addition and subtraction of $2x+5y$ and 5x+2y$.

The addition of $2x+5y$ and 5x+2y$ is $(2x+5y) + (5x+2y) = (2x+5x)+(5y+2y) = 7x+7y$

Similarly, the subtraction of $2x+5y$ and 5x+2y$ is $(2x+5y) - (5x+2y) = 2x+5y - 5x-2y =(2x-5x)+(5y-2y) = -3x+3y$

For more such examples on addition and subtraction of algebraic expressions, refer algebraic expressions addition and subtraction worksheet

Solved Examples based on addition and subtraction

Example 1: Maya had 8 toffees and she gave 4 to her cousin. How many toffees is she left with ?

Solution: Maya is left with 8-4=4 toffees now.

Example 2: Sumit purchased 10 oranges, 50 bananas. How many total fruits did he purchased?

Solution: He purchased a total of 10+50=60 fruits.

Example 3: Read each statement carefully and check whether you need to add or subtract.

Shilpa’s friends had a book reading contest. Among the boys, Ajay read 8 books, Aman read 9, Mand read 1 and Andy read 10 books. Among the girls, Ash read 41 books, Nancy read 2, Shama read 4 and Mansi read 3.

(a) How many books did all the boys read?

(b) How many books did all the girls read?

(c) Who read more books, the girls or the boys?

(d) How many more books did Aman read than Ajay?

(e) How many more books did Ash read than Nancy?

Solution: (a) All the boys read 8+9+1+10 = 28 books.

(b) All the girls read 41+2+4+4 = 51 books.

(c) Clearly, the girls read more books than boys.

(d) Aman read 9-1 = 8 books more than Ajay.

(e) Ash read 41-2 = 39 books more than Nancy.

Example 4: There were 240 roses and 50 marigold in a farmhouse. How many flowers were there in total in the farm house?

Solution: In total there were 240+50 = 290 flowers in farmhouse.

Example 5: Out of 200 watermelons, Raman could sell 30 in a day. How many pieces of watermelon were left with him?

Solution: Pieces of watermelon left with him = 200-30 = 170 pieces.

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