Allied Angles are a pair of angles whose sum or difference is a multiple of 90 degrees or π/2 radians. 40° and 140° are allied angles because their sum is 180°. So, Allied angles are a pair of angles. In real life, we use the Trigonometric Ratios of Allied Angles to measure the height of a building or mountain.
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In this article, we will cover the concept of Trigonometric Ratios of Allied Angles. This category falls under the broader category of Trigonometry, which is a crucial Chapter in class 11 Mathematics. It is not only essential for board exams but also for competitive exams like the Joint Entrance Examination(JEE Main) and other entrance exams such as SRMJEE, BITSAT, WBJEE, BCECE, and more. Questions based on this topic have been asked frequently in JEE Mains.
When the sum or difference of two angles is either zero or a multiple of
The Cartesian Plane is divided into four quadrants each comprising
In general, for angle
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1. All the trigonometric functions of a real number of the form
For example
2. All the trigonometric functions of a real number of the form
Note that 'sin' and 'cos' are co-functions of each other, 'tan' and 'cot' are co-functions of each other, and 'sec' and 'cosec' are co-functions of each other.
For example:
Step I: See whether the given angle a is positive or negative if it is negative, make it positive as follows:
Step II: Express the positive angle obtained in step I in the form
Step III: Determine the quadrant in which the terminal side of the angle lies which determines the sign of the given trigonometric function.
Step IV: In step II, if n is an odd integer, then
In step II, if
The allied angles help us to find the trignometric value of larger angles by breaking them into a multiple of 90 and the remainder being the smaller angle. Allied angles help us in determining the behavior of T-ratios across the quadrants, wave motions, harmonic motions, signal processing, etc. The study of trigonometric allied angles enriches the understanding and application of trigonometry by providing tools to simplify expressions, solve equations, and explore relationships between angles and trigonometric functions.
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Example 1: The value of
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Solution
Using
Now,
Example 2: Let
Then
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Solution
Hence, the answer is
Example 3: The value of
Solution
Allied Angles
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Now,
Rearranging
Hence, the answer is 45.5 .
Example 4:The value of
Solution
Allied Angles
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Now,
Hence, the answer is 2 .
Example 5: The value of the expression
Solution
We know, signs of Trigonometric Functions
In the fourth quadrant, the angle is measured as negative,
Since,
So, the given expression becomes
Hence, the answer is
When the sum or difference of two angles is either zero or a multiple of $90^{\circ}$, then they are called allied angles.
In general, for angle $x$, allied angles are $(n \times 90 \pm x)$ or $n * \pi / 2 \pm x, n$ belongs to $I$.
$\cos (\pi+x)=\cos (2(\pi / 2)+x)=-\cos (x)$, -ve sign chosen because $(\pi+x)$ lies in 3rd quadrant and 'cos' is -ve in third quadrant.
$\sec (\pi / 2+x)=-\operatorname{cosec}(x)$, as $(\pi / 2+x)$ lies in the 2 nd quadrant and 'sec' is -ve in $2 n$ quadrant.
$
\begin{aligned}
& \quad \sin \theta-\cos \theta=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \\
& \sqrt{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \sin \theta-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cos \theta\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \\
& \sqrt{2} \sin \left(\theta-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \\
& \theta-\frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{\pi}{6} \\
& \theta=\frac{5 \pi}{12}
\end{aligned}
$
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