Tensile Stress - Definition, Meaning, Formula, Example, FAQs

Edited By Vishal kumar | Updated on Sep 24, 2024 01:54 PM IST

Tensile stress meaning: The external force per unit area of the material that causes the substance to stretch. The strength of structures of equal cross-sectional area loaded in tension is independent of the shape of the cross-section.

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Tensile strength and tensile stress

Tensile stress is a type of stress that occurs when the length of the material increases in the direction of the applied force.

Let's look at the many types of stress:

Normal stress

The force created over a unit area of a body when a force works perpendicularly over an area of that body is called the Normal stress.

Tensile stress (T)

One of the types of normal stress is tensile stress.

An applied force or load that leans to stretch the material in the direction or axis of the force applied causes tensile stress.

3D tensile stress

(Eg. 3D tensile stress)

Formula of tensile stress-

If the force applied perpendicular to the surface is F and the surface area is H, the tensile stress (T) is calculated as follows:

T = F / H

T = Pascal (Pa) or Newton per meter square (N x m^-2) is a SI unit.

Dimension of tensile stress-

M1L⁻¹T⁻² is a dimensional formula for tensile stress.

Some tensile properties-

The following tensile properties can be computed when a tensile force is applied to the material:

Elastic modulus, also known as modulus of elasticity, is the stiffness of a substance. When the deformation is totally elastic, it is defined as the ratio of stress and strain. The stress-strain curve is used to calculate elastic modulus.
UTS (ultimate tensile stress): When a force is exerted, it is defined as the maximum stress that a material can withstand. When materials are pushed beyond their UTS, cracking occurs.
The ratio of tensile stress to two times the material's Young's modulus is known as the modulus of resilience.
Fracture stress is defined as the greatest stress that a crack can withstand before it breaks down.

Related Topics Link,

Tensile strength definition and tensile strength formula

Anything can tolerate stress or an external force, but as the force is applied more frequently, the object reaches the breaking or fracture point.

The maximum stress a material can endure without fracture before breaking is known as ultimate tensile strength.

It determines how much force is required to stretch or pull something like rope, wire, or any structural rod or beam to the point of fracture or breakage.

The breaking strength (Ts) of an axial load material is calculated as follows:

U = The force that results in a fracture or a break.

V = Material's cross-sectional area

U / V = Ts

Pascal or Newton per meter square (N x m ^-2) is a SI unit.

Also read :

Difference between tensile stress and tensile strength-

Sl. No.	Tensile stress	Tensile strength
1.	It is defined as a force per unit area that is related to stretching and denoted by the symbol σ.	The amount of tensile stress a material can bear before breaking is indicated by the letter s.
2.	σ = F/A is the tensile stress in tensile stress in tensile stress in tensile stress F is the acting force. A refers to the area.	s = P/a is the formula. Where, The tensile strength is denoted by the letter s. P is the force required to break A is the cross-sectional area

Summary-

When the body's configuration does not change permanently, the restoring force is equal to the external force, which means:

External deformation force / area = stress.

Solids are more elastic, whereas gases are less elastic, since gases are more compressible than solids for a given force.

In engineering and material sciences, necking is a type of tensile deformation in which a little amount of strain concentrates disproportionality in a small area of the material. The name "neck" comes from the significant drop in the local cross-sectional area that follows.

Carbon nanotubes with many walls have the highest tensile strength of any material.

Young's modulus (Y) is a number that describes how difficult it is to stretch a specific material and is defined as:

Y x Tensile Strain = Tensile Stress

Tensile Stress / Tensile Strain = Y = a constant, as a result.

Also check-

NCERT Physics Notes:

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Tensile stress is induced by what?

Tensile stress occurs when an applied load causes the material to stretch in the direction of the applied load, or in other words, when the material is pulled.

2. What happens when tensile stress is reduced?

Stress continues to rise during necking while the actual cross-sectional area decreases. When stress is estimated using the original cross-sectional area (nominal curve), however, stress appears to be reduced.

3. The tensile strength of which of the following materials is the highest?

Tungsten has the highest tensile strength of any pure metal, with a tensile strength of up to 500,000 pounds per square inch at room temperature. It possesses the maximum tensile strength, even at temperatures above 1,500°C.

4. Is tensile stress beneficial or harmful?

Tensile stress is positive in physics and engineering, while compressive stress is negative.

5. With an example, what is tensile strength?

The force necessary to pull something like a rope, wire, or a structural beam to the point of failure is known as tensile strength. A material's tensile strength is the highest amount of tensile stress it can withstand before failing, such as breaking.

6. Tensile stress can be found in a variety of places.

The force per unit area induced in the body in response to an externally applied force that tends to elongate or stretch the body is known as tensile stress.