2. Differentiate between adaptation and acclimatisation.
Adaptation vs. Acclimatization
Adaptation and acclimatization are two distinct processes by which organisms respond to changes in the environment.
Adaptation
Short term: This adaptation lasts for generations.
Genetic: It involves changes in the genetic makeup of a population.
Hereditary: The adaptations are passed on to the next generation.
Reversible: The changes are more or less permanent.
Examples: Polar bears' thick fur, cacti's spines, and the camouflage of chameleons.
Acclimatization
Short-term: It takes place in the lifetime of a single individual.
Physiological: It deals with changes in physiology of an organism.
Reversible: The alterations are temporary and reversible when the condition of the environment is altered.
Non-heritable: The alterations are not transferred to the progeny.
Examples: Humans' adaptation towards high altitude, plants adaptation towards changes in light intensity, and animals adaptation toward changes in temperature.
In principle, adaptation is a genetic change over generations, while acclimatization is a physiological adjustment within an individual's lifetime.
https://www.careers360.com/biology/adaptation-and-habitats-topic-pge
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