Question : A 40-litre mixture of milk and water contains milk and water in the ratio of 7 : 3. How many litres of water should be added to the mixture so that the resulting mixture has 60% water in it?
Option 1: 30
Option 2: 35
Option 3: 20
Option 4: 25
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Correct Answer: 30
Solution : Let the quantity of milk and water in the mixture be $7x$ and $3x$. $7x+3x=40$ $⇒10x=40$ $⇒x=4$ Quantity of water in the mixture = $3x$ = 3 × 4 = 12 litres Let $y$ litres of water is to be added. According to the question, $\frac{(12+y)}{(40+y)} \times 100 = 60$ $⇒\frac{(12+y)}{(40+y)} = \frac{3}{5}$ $⇒60+5y = 120+3y$ $⇒2y=60$ $\therefore y=30$ litres Hence, the correct answer is 30.
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