Question : A number is first increased by 40% and then decreased by 25%, again increased by 15% and then decreased by 20%. What is the net increase/decrease percentage in the number?
Option 1: 7.2% decrease
Option 2: 6.4% increase
Option 3: 3.4% increase
Option 4: 3.4% decrease
Correct Answer: 3.4% decrease
Solution :
Let the number be 100.
Increase = 40% of 100 = 40
Resultant number = 100 + 40 = 140
Decrease = 25% of 140 = 35
Resultant number = 140 – 35 = 105
Increase = 15% of 105 = 15.75
Resultant number = 105 + 15.75 = 120.75
Decrease = 20% of 120.75 = 24.15
Resultant number = 120.75 – 24.15 = 96.6
Net decrease = 100 – 96.6 = 3.4
Required percentage = $\frac{3.4}{100}×100$ = 3.4%
Hence, the correct answer is a 3.4% decrease.
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