Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion is true. A flat organizational structure can hinder effective communication in certain situations. With fewer levels of hierarchy, there can be a lack of clear reporting relationships, and communication might bypass necessary channels, leading to confusion or misunderstandings.

The reason is the correct explanation for the assertion. A flat structure often involves a wider span of control, where one manager oversees a larger number of subordinates. This can make coordination and communication more challenging, as the manager may have difficulty providing adequate attention and guidance to each subordinate, potentially hindering effective communication.