Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Diversification of agricultural activities does help in the conservation of natural resources, and the reason for this is that it encourages the adoption of sustainable practices like organic farming and water management techniques.

When farmers diversify their agricultural activities, they reduce their reliance on a single crop or livestock, which can lead to overuse of specific resources. By diversifying their production, farmers can better manage and conserve natural resources.

One way diversification promotes conservation is through the adoption of sustainable practices like organic farming. Organic farming practices minimize the use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and genetically modified organisms, reducing the environmental impact and preserving soil fertility. Organic farming encourages the use of natural resources in a sustainable manner, reducing pollution and preserving biodiversity.

Additionally, diversification can lead to the adoption of water management techniques. Different crops have varying water requirements, and diversifying agricultural activities allows for more efficient water use. Farmers can implement techniques such as drip irrigation, mulching, and rainwater harvesting, which help conserve water resources and reduce water wastage.

By diversifying their activities, farmers can also implement crop rotation and agroforestry practices, which contribute to soil conservation and fertility. Crop rotation helps break pest and disease cycles, reduces soil erosion, and enhances nutrient cycling. Agroforestry systems integrate trees with crops and livestock, providing multiple benefits such as soil erosion control, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity conservation.

Therefore, the assertion that diversification of agricultural activities helps in the conservation of natural resources is true, and the reason that it encourages the adoption of sustainable practices like organic farming and water management techniques is the correct explanation for this assertion.