Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Diversification of agricultural activities does promote sustainable income generation, and the reason for this is that it reduces dependency on a single crop and provides income throughout the year.

When farmers engage in diversified agricultural activities, such as growing different crops, raising multiple types of livestock, or incorporating non-farm activities, they reduce their reliance on a single crop or product. This diversification spreads the income potential across different sources, reducing the risks associated with market fluctuations, price volatility, and crop failures.

By having a mix of crops or activities, farmers can have income-generating opportunities throughout the year. Different crops have different growing seasons, and by strategically planning their agricultural activities, farmers can ensure a continuous flow of income. For example, while one crop is being harvested, another may be in its growing phase, and another may be in the preparation stage. This sequential arrangement provides a more consistent income stream compared to relying on a single crop with a limited harvest period.

Diversification also helps in managing risks associated with climatic variations, pests, and diseases. If one crop is affected by adverse conditions, farmers with diversified activities may have other crops or livestock that can offset the losses and maintain income stability.

Overall, diversification of agricultural activities promotes sustainable income generation by reducing dependency on a single crop, providing income throughout the year, and mitigating risks associated with market and production uncertainties.

Therefore, the assertion that diversification of agricultural activities promotes sustainable income generation is true, and the reason that it reduces dependency on a single crop and provides income throughout the year is the correct explanation for this assertion.