Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Diversification of agricultural activities does promote the use of renewable energy, and the reason for this is that it encourages the adoption of technologies like solar pumps and biogas plants for irrigation and energy needs.

Diversification of agricultural activities refers to the practice of engaging in multiple types of agricultural production or incorporating non-traditional activities alongside traditional farming. This can include activities such as horticulture, livestock rearing, agroforestry, and aquaculture.

Solar pumps utilize solar energy to power water pumps for irrigation purposes, reducing reliance on conventional electricity or fossil fuel-powered pumps. This helps in conserving energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Biogas plants utilize organic waste, such as animal manure and crop residues, to produce biogas through anaerobic digestion. The biogas can be used for cooking, heating, and generating electricity on the farm, providing a renewable and sustainable source of energy.

By diversifying their agricultural activities, farmers can generate the organic waste needed for biogas production and create a self-sustaining energy system. This promotes the use of renewable energy and contributes to reducing the dependence on non-renewable energy sources.

Therefore, the assertion that diversification of agricultural activities promotes the use of renewable energy is true, and the reason that it encourages the adoption of technologies like solar pumps and biogas plants for irrigation and energy needs is the correct explanation for this assertion.