Question : Assertion: Effective management involves a top-down approach, where decisions flow from top-level management to lower levels.
Reason: Top-level managers have the most experience and knowledge to make crucial decisions.
Option 1: Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason explains the assertion.
Option 2: Both assertion and reason are incorrect.
Option 3: The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
Option 4: The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
Option 5: Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
Correct Answer:
Both assertion and reason are incorrect.
Solution : The correct answer is (b) Both assertion and reason are incorrect.
The assertion is incorrect because effective management does not necessarily involve a strict top-down approach. Modern management practices often emphasize collaboration and input from various levels of the organization. Decision-making can be a mix of top-down and bottom-up approaches, depending on the situation and the organization's culture.
The reason is incorrect because it makes a broad assumption that top-level managers always have the most experience and knowledge to make crucial decisions. While top-level managers typically have a broader perspective, decision-making should ideally involve input and expertise from various levels of the organization to make well-informed decisions.
