Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion states that human capital formation requires investment in vocational and technical training. Human capital formation refers to the process of developing and enhancing the knowledge, skills, and abilities of individuals

The reason provided is that vocational and technical training programs equip individuals with specific skills in various sectors. This is true because vocational and technical training programs focus on providing practical and industry-specific skills that are directly applicable to the job market. These programs offer specialized training in specific trades, professions, or technical fields, enabling individuals to acquire the necessary competencies and qualifications required for specific occupations. By investing in vocational and technical training, individuals can develop their human capital in a targeted and efficient manner, increasing their employability and productivity.

Therefore, both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.