Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion states that investment in human capital contributes to sustainable development. Human capital refers to the knowledge, skills, and abilities of individuals that contribute to their productivity and potential for economic and social progress. The reason provided is that a skilled workforce enhances the overall well-being of society and promotes long-term economic growth. This is true because a skilled workforce is more productive, innovative, and adaptable to changing economic conditions. By investing in human capital through education, training, and other development initiatives, societies can improve their productivity, competitiveness, and overall quality of life. This, in turn, contributes to sustainable development, which involves meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Therefore, both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.