Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion states that investment in human capital leads to sustainable economic growth. Human capital refers to the knowledge, skills, and abilities that individuals possess and contribute to economic productivity. The reason provided is that a skilled workforce enhances productivity and innovation, which are essential drivers of economic development. When individuals have the necessary skills and knowledge, they can contribute more effectively to the production process, leading to increased productivity. Additionally, skilled workers are more likely to engage in innovation and technological advancements, which further contribute to economic growth. Therefore, both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.