Correct Answer: Both assertions and reasons are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertions and reasons are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion that scientific management principles aim to optimize worker output is correct. Scientific management, as advocated by Frederick Taylor, aims to optimize productivity and efficiency by scientifically analyzing and organizing tasks, ensuring the best methods are employed to achieve maximum output.

The reason provided, stating that it promotes standardization and specialization in tasks, is also correct. Scientific management indeed promotes standardization and specialization to streamline processes, reduce inefficiencies, and optimize worker performance.

Both the assertion and the reason are correct, and the reason effectively explains why scientific management principles aim to optimize worker output through standardization and specialization.