Question : Assertion: Sustainable transportation systems aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote energy efficiency in the transportation sector.

Reason: Sustainable transportation includes the use of public transport, cycling, and walking as alternatives to private vehicles.

Option 1: Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Option 2: Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

Option 3: Assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.

Option 4: Assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion is correct in stating that sustainable transportation systems aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote energy efficiency. The transportation sector is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, primarily through the combustion of fossil fuels in vehicles. Sustainable transportation strategies, such as promoting the use of fuel-efficient vehicles, alternative fuels, and low-carbon transportation modes, help to mitigate these emissions and improve energy efficiency.

The reason correctly explains one aspect of sustainable transportation. Sustainable transportation includes a range of measures to reduce reliance on private vehicles. This can involve promoting and improving public transportation systems, encouraging active modes of transport such as cycling and walking, implementing carpooling and ridesharing programs, and developing infrastructure that supports these alternatives. By providing viable and convenient alternatives to private vehicles, sustainable transportation aims to reduce congestion, improve air quality, and decrease energy consumption in the transportation sector.

Therefore, both the assertion and the reason are correct, and the reason provides the correct explanation for the assertion.