Question : Athens a city- state in the eastern Greece, was the antithesis of Sparta. Here the democratic way of life flourished and consequently it had a great bearing on the objectives of physical education. An ideal of Athenian education was to achieve a proper balance in moral, mental, physical and aesthetic development.
Gymnastics for the you were practiced in the palaestra. Instruction in gymnasium were given by paidotribe and also a gymnast. The paidotribe had charge of the general physical training program, whereas the gymnast was a specialist responsible for training youth in gymnastic contests. The chief official at the gymnasium, in overall in-charge was called a gymnasiarch. Gymnasium Became a physical,social and intellectual centres of Greece. Maine such as Plato, Aristotle and Antisthenes were responsible for making such gymnasium as the academy,lyceum and kynosarages as outstanding intellectual centres. In keeping with close association between physical education and religion, each gymnasium recognised a particular deity. For example the academy recognised Athena; the lyceum, Apollo; and kynosarages, Hercules.
During the time games were held, a truce was declared by all city states in Greece, and it was believed that if the truce was broken, the wrath of Gods will fall on the guilty. Before competition an oath had to be taken that athletes would not use illegal tactics to win, to which father's brothers and sisters also had to swear. The Olympic games were held in 77 BC. And continued until abolished by the Romans in AD394. However, they have since been presumed and today head every fourth year.
Question:
Who was the antithesis of Sparta?
Option 1: Objectives of physical education
Option 2: Ideals of Athenian education
Option 3: Democratic way of life
Option 4: Aesthetic development

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