Question : Comprehension:
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Key factors influencing subway air pollution will include station depth, date of construction, type of ventilation (natural/air conditioning), types of brakes (electromagnetic or conventional brake pads) and wheels (rubber or steel) used on the trains, train frequency and more recently the presence or absence of platform screen-door systems. In particular, much subway particulate matter is sourced from moving train parts such as wheels and brake pads, as well as from the steel rails and power-supply materials, making the particles dominantly iron-containing. To date, there is no clear epidemiological indication of abnormal health effects on underground workers and commuters. New York subway workers have been exposed to such air without significant observed impacts on their health, and no increased risk of lung cancer was found among subway train drivers in the Stockholm subway system. But a note of caution is struck by the observations of scholars who found that employees working on the platforms of Stockholm underground, where PM concentrations were greatest, tended to have higher levels of risk markers for cardiovascular disease than ticket sellers and train drivers. The dominantly ferrous particles are mixed with particles from a range of other sources, including rock ballast from the track, biological aerosols such as bacteria and viruses, and air from the outdoors, and driven through the tunnel system on turbulent air currents generated by the trains themselves and ventilation systems.
Question
Which of the following diseases is found commonly among workers in underground subways?
Option 1: Abdominal
Option 2: Cardiovascular
Option 3: Renal
Option 4: Pulmonary
Correct Answer: Cardiovascular
Solution : The correct option is the second option.
Explanation:
The passage indicates that workers on the platforms of the
Stockholm underground,
where particulate matter concentrations were the
highest
, displayed higher levels of risk markers for
cardiovascular disease
compared to ticket sellers and train drivers. This suggests a potential association between
exposure
to subway air pollution and an increased risk of
cardiovascular issues
among subway workers.
Therefore, the correct answer is cardiovascular.
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