Question : Direction: The table given below represents the production and sales of wheat in 4 different countries A, B, C and D for 4 years. At the end of the year 2010 A, B, C and D had a stock of 5200, 3500, 7835 and 1956 (in '000 quintals) of wheat respectively. For any given year, the stock of wheat is calculated as:
The stock of year $(n+1)$ = stock at end of year $n$ + production in year $(n+1)$ – sales in year $(n+1)$ and, Surplus of year $n$ = production in year $n$ – sales in year $n$
| Wheat production and sales (in '000 quintals) | ||||||||
| Year | Country | Country | Country | Country | ||||
| 2011 | A | B | C | D | ||||
| Prod. | Sales | Prod. | Sales | Prod. | Sales | Prod. | Sales | |
| 1218 | 1413 | 1881 | 1798 | 2035 | 2247 | 3126 | 2417 | |
| 2012 | 1554 | 1783 | 2067 | 2389 | 1821 | 2018 | 2987 | 2911 |
| 2013 | 1671 | 1641 | 1328 | 2063 | 1937 | 2563 | 2143 | 3188 |
| 2014 | 1103 | 1002 | 1578 | 1239 | 3014 | 2988 | 4126 | 3563 |
What can be said about the total surplus of country B and country D over the 4 years?
Option 1: Surplus of B = Surplus of D
Option 2: Surplus of D > Surplus of B
Option 3: Surplus of B > Surplus of D
Option 4: No relation is there
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Correct Answer: Surplus of D > Surplus of B
Solution :
The surplus for each year is calculated as the production minus the sales.
For country B:
In 2011, the surplus was 1881 – 1798 = 83 ('000 quintals)
In 2012, the surplus was 2067 – 2389 = –322 ('000 quintals)
In 2013, the surplus was 1328 – 2063 = –735 ('000 quintals)
In 2014, the surplus was 1578 – 1239 = 339 ('000 quintals)
The total surplus for country B over the 4 years = 83 – 322 – 735 + 339 = – 635 ('000 quintals)
For country D:
In 2011, the surplus was 3126 – 2417 = 709 ('000 quintals)
In 2012, the surplus was 2987 – 2911 = 76 ('000 quintals)
In 2013, the surplus was 2143 – 3188 = –1045 ('000 quintals)
In 2014, the surplus was 4126 – 3563 = 563 ('000 quintals)
The total surplus for country D over the 4 years = 709 + 76 – 1045 + 563 = 303 ('000 quintals)
On comparing, the Surplus of D is greater than the Surplus of B.
Hence, the correct answer is Surplus of D > Surplus of B.
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