Question : Directions: In the following question below are given some statements followed by some conclusions based on those statements. Taking the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows the given statements.
Statements:
I. All S are R.
II. No Z is S.
Conclusions:
I. Some S are not Z.
II. Some R are not Z.
III. No R is S
Option 1: Both conclusions I and II follows
Option 2: Both conclusions I and III follows
Option 3: Neither conclusion follows
Option 4: Only conclusion I follows
Correct Answer: Both conclusions I and II follows
Solution : According to the given statements, the Venn diagram is given below.
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
Some S are not Z – From the above diagram, it is clear that the cross sign shows that no S is Z if no S is Z is true it is obvious that some S are not Z. So, this conclusion follows.
Conclusion (II):
Some R are not Z – From, the above diagram it is clear that S is a part of R and no S is Z is given. Now the part of R which is S is also not Z. So, this conclusion follows.
Conclusion (III):
No R is S – From, the above diagram it is clear that all S are R and some R are S. From the positive statement we can't draw a negative conclusion. So, this conclusion doesn't follow.
So, only conclusions I and II follow. Hence, the first option is correct.
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