Question : Directions: In the following question below are given some statements followed by some conclusions based on those statements. Taking the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows the given statements.
Statements:
I. Some M are N.
II. No J is N.
Conclusions:
I. No N is J.
II. Some N are M.
III. All J are M.
Option 1: Both conclusions I and III follow
Option 2: Only conclusion II follows
Option 3: Both conclusions I and II follow
Option 4: Both conclusions II and III follow
Correct Answer: Both conclusions I and II follow
Solution :
The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
No N is J –
From the Venn diagram, it is evident that there is a negative relation between N and J. Thus, it can be concluded that no N is J.
Conclusion (II):
Some N are M –
From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circles representing N and M overlap and have some parts of their area in common. Thus, it can be concluded that some N are M.
Conclusion (III):
All J are M – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that there is no definite relation between J and M. Thus, this conclusion does not follow.
So, both conclusions I and II follow. Hence, the third option is correct.
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