Question : Directions: In the following question, one statement is given followed by two conclusions I and II. You have to consider the statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. You have to decide which of the given conclusions, if any, follow from the given statement.
Statements:
All philosophers are men. Socrates was a philosopher.
Conclusions:
I. Socrates was a man.
II. Women cannot become philosophers.
Option 1: Only I is valid
Option 2: Only II is valid
Option 3: Both are not valid
Option 4: Both are valid
Correct Answer: Both are valid
Solution :
According to the above-given statement,
Conclusion I:
Socrates was a man.
Since all philosophers are men and Socrates was a philosopher, it can be concluded that Socrates was a man.
Conclusion II:
Women cannot become philosophers.
Also, since all philosophers are men, it can be concluded that women cannot become philosophers as there is no information given related to women.
Therefore, the correct answer is both conclusion I and conclusion II are valid. Hence, the fourth option is correct.
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