Question : Directions: Three statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All gorillas are bears.
All pigs are bears.
All bears are tigers.
Conclusions:
I. All pigs are tigers.
II. All tigers are gorillas.
III. Some tigers are pigs.
Option 1: Only conclusions I and II follow
Option 2: Only conclusions I and III follow
Option 3: All conclusions follow
Option 4: Only conclusions II and III follow
Correct Answer: Only conclusions I and III follow
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
All pigs are tigers – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circle representing pigs is completely overlapped by the circle representing tigers. So, it can be concluded that all pigs are tigers.
Conclusion (II):
All tigers are gorillas – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing tigers lie outside the circle representing gorillas while some lie inside. So, this conclusion does not follow.
Conclusion (III):
Some tigers are pigs – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing tigers lie outside the circle representing pigs while some lie inside. So, it can be concluded that some tigers are pigs.
So, the only conclusions I and III follow. Hence, the second option is correct.
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