Question : Directions: Three statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some dogs are animals.
Some animals are pets.
All pets are white.
Conclusions:
I. Some dogs are white.
II. Some animals are white.
III. Some animals are dogs.
Option 1: All conclusions follow
Option 2: Only conclusions I and II follow
Option 3: Only conclusions II and III follow
Option 4: Only conclusions I and III follow
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Correct Answer: Only conclusions II and III follow
Solution :
The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
Some dogs are white – According to the Venn diagram there is no definite relation between dogs and white, therefore some dogs are white, is not the correct conclusion.
Conclusion (II):
Some animals are white – According to the Venn diagram the circles of animals and white intersect and have some common area between them. Therefore some animals are white is the correct conclusion.
Conclusion (III):
Some animals are dogs – According to the Venn diagram some dogs are animals, therefore some animals are dogs is also the correct conclusion.
So, only conclusions II and III follow. Hence, the third option is correct.
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